Power generating windbags and waterbags

ABSTRACT

An airborne wind turbine system for generation of power via windbags and waterbags.

application claims priority to Singapore Application 10201807027W filedAug. 20, 2018 and Singapore Application 10201907453Y filed Aug. 14,2019, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for allpurposes.

FIELD OF THE INVENTIONS

Present invention provides some means in humanity's battles; war; ourcampaign for survival against Global Climate Change (GCC). Inventors mayprovide humanity with mitigating solutions such as: new tools; betterequipment and systems. Enabling a transformation of our energy systems.From our present dirty fossil fuels based systems to non-polluting cleantechnologies. Mankind had 12 years to avoid the catastrophic effects ofGCC (refer: UN-IPCC Report; Oct. 8, 2018). A million species facesextinction due to pressure created by humans (refer: UN BiodiversityReport, IPBES; May 6, 2019). However, whether we can overcome this“greatest challenge facing humanity.” Whether our civilization cancollectively survive beyond this critical test/or become extinct, too,maybe much more subjective. Much more dependent upon factors such as:political will-power; speed of deploying mitigating solutions; people'sattitudes; conscious personal choices, decisions; climate leader-ship;climate activism, climate denialism; climate “murders”, climate justice;etc. than mere physical devices.

Present invention discloses the utility purpose of deploying drones andadapting drone and robotic technologies for harnessing high altitudewind energy and deep sea ocean energy to generate renewable energy;displacing use of fossil fuels; mitigating the deadly effects ofcatastrophic global climate change. Ultimate Goal: safeguard andpreserve our one and only life-support-system—Earth's Biosphere; in ahabitable condition for all humans, animal and plant species to continueliving! That the air we breathe, the water we drink remains clean andhealthy; not poisoned by the toxic wastes we generate. Deployingrobotic-drones to serve humanity. To generate clean energy; to preserveclean air and water; and a healthy planet Earth for future generations!That humans doesn't follow the dinosaurs—into extinction! Yeah, dronesand robots! Drone-bots to the rescue of humanity! Drone-bots, newinnovations, materials, systems and enabling means of the FourthIndustrial Revolution (4IR); controlled by means of computerizedartificial intelligence (AI) may be used to save mankind from thisself-inflicted ecological suicide! And in return generation of OceanRenewable Energies to power the 4IR.

The harnessing of renewable “green” energy from the mass movement ofnaturally occurring fluid elements comprising wind and water (tide); thecapture and transformation of this kinetic energy into useful mechanicalenergy by means of specialized apparatus and devices configured forproducing electricity comprising: wind powered generators; tidalmarine-hydro-kinetic powered generators. In particular wind energycomprising: high altitude wind energy; the Jet Stream.Marine-hydro-kinetic energy comprising: swift moving tidal currents andocean gyres; the Gulf Stream. The engagement, capture, extraction,transformation and conversion of said fluid's kinetic energies intouseful mechanical energy by means of specialized apparatus and devices.In one form, said fluids may be entrapped by means of shrouds, hoods,wingsuits 30 ax and routed from an enlarged intake port through asmaller constricted outlet port connected to an energy conversionapparatus such as a turbine; a turbine-generator. Wherein, said fluidvelocity may be amplified multi-fold; increasing system efficiency andproductivity. Present and prior disclosures comprises: (a) Energyextraction systems: wherein kinetic energies present in fluids (wind;tidal-stream) may be systematically extracted and transformed intomechanical energies. (b) A reconfigured drive train may include a torquetransmission system: wherein said mechanical energies may be conveyedfrom said energies extraction system in (a); to a generator. (c) Whereinsaid generator transformed the transmitted torque into useful electricalenergies. Conversion of kinetic to mechanical to electrical energies.

Energy extraction systems of present invention may comprise single,integrated extraction-cum-direct-conversion units; for example:apparatus 617; 471 ax; used the world over. This is the most efficientstructural configuration. However due to location needs; components innacelles requiring miniaturization (due to height and weight factors);and/or water-proofing (submerged at the bottom of the sea). Wherein, thedrive-train of present invention may use similar systems such asapparatus 471 ax. Or, the drive train may optionally be reconfigured.Wherein, said split-unit system 600 ax may be configured for:extraction-conversion of the kinetic energies comprising wind and tidalenergies into mechanical torque; transmission of said torque to surfacebased systems; its final conversion into electrical energy by means ofcounter-rotational-generation. A structural configuration 600 ax whereinrenewable energies of wind and water currents may be extracted by meansof a distributed and diverse energy extraction system (kinetic tomechanical energy); transmission of said mechanical energy by means of atorque transmission system 687; into a centralized generation systemconsisting of: a split-unit segmented counter-rotational-generationsystem 777; 585 ax; 590 ax (mechanical to electrical energy). Such asplit-unit system 600 ax enables transmission of torque; from diversesources comprising a multitude of energy extraction apparatus or devices(100 ax; 200 ax; 400 ax; 500 aax; 600 ax; 700; 740; 800;) into aspecialty generator 777; specifically configured to assimilate,accommodate, process and transform said diverse torque transmittal; bymeans of gearbox 583 ax; planetary gear 830; shaft 692; universalcouplings 666; into green electricity efficiently.

Such a system may be disadvantaged by inherent energy losses due totorque transmission (frictional losses). And may be slightly deficient(in efficiency) as compared to integratedextraction-cum-direct-conversion units 617; 471 ax; 500 aax. However,such minimal losses may be easily made up for by increasing thecapacity; or the number of energy extraction units. Structuraladvantages gained may include: centralized generation module 777; largerenergy extraction units e.g. bigger turbines mounted on the samestructure (lighter); no need for expensive water-proofing; as thenacelles are now located on the surface (ground; deck-platform 736);ease of access for periodic checks; maintenance and repair; enhancedoccupational safety and health of crew, due to reduced exposure tohazardous work (minimized access to turbine nacelles located at the topof tall towers); lower operating costs. Ground or surface basedgeneration systems may be configured to be: heavy-duty; huge and rugged;as compared to the much more delicate and light-weight generationcomponents (turbine nacelles 473) lofted into great heights by huge-tallcranes; located at the top of towers 469 ax. Or, smaller waterproofednacelles located at the bottom of the sea and ocean.

In another structural improvement, moisture sensitive generatingelements: 474 ax; 476 ax; may be encased; enwrapped; embedded in; with alayer(s) of water repellent; water-proof materials comprising: plastics;composites; ceramics; glass; fiber-glass; carbon-fiber; Kevlar; Dynnema;etc. Optionally, the structural body frame-work of a generator may beused as an additional layer of separation. Effectively and physicallysegregating the more sensitive rotor coils 474 ax from the lesssensitive rotor magnets 476 ax; though the mechanisms remains in closeproximity to each other. The magnetic field penetrates through the thinlayer(s) of water repellant materials into the coils beneath. The mostimportant goal: isolating; segregating; separating said generatingelements 474 ax and 476 ax from contact with: ambient moisture; highhumidity; water.

The use of specialized drones; drone-robots integrated withrobotic-mobility capabilities configured for the job of executingspecific tasks required of them; for the effective functioning of theenergy extraction farms/complexes. Doing work; jobs; tasks on apparatusand equipment located at great depths in the deep sea and oceans; and athigh altitudes in the aerial environment. Use of Unmanned AerialVehicles (UAVs); Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) and RemotelyOperated Vehicles (ROVs); integrated with specialized robotic limbs 522ax; tools; equipment; appliances; etc. Armed with autonomouscapabilities supported by means of computerized cognitive ArtificialIntelligence (AI) and decision making for the independent execution ofassigned tasks by said integrated drone-robot units (drone-bots);configured to harness the kinetic energy of high altitude winds; andtidal energies of the deep sea and the ocean for doing useful work. Amethod, system, equipment, apparatus, techniques and a drone ecosystemconfigured with vertical scalability and a quantum leap in thegeneration of renewable green energy: electricity, in comparison withexisting systems at a minimized environmental and aesthetic cost.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONS

Present methods of harnessing wind energy by means of: kites, windmills, wind turbines, kytoons, airfoils, etc.; use of sails on boat,ship or sledge for traction is known; as is the capture of water energyby means of: water mills, water wheels, turbines; balloons mounted onthe sea-bed, floatation based devices, etc.; in converting the kineticenergy of wind into mechanical energy to do useful work: mills to grindflour, pump water, etc. including aero-electric power and hydro-electricpower generation. However, some devices like: wind mills, wind turbinesmay be deficient and self-limiting due to (i) the minimized surface areafor capture of the kinetic energy of the fluid medium as evidenced bythe limited size and number of turbine blades, rotors, propellers,spokes; sails, etc. that may be affixed to an apparatus; (ii) theextremely short, momentary, contact time between the drive surface andthe moving fluid medium providing the kinetic energy lasting a fewseconds; and (iii) harnessing the kinetic energy in an ad-hoc randomizedmanner. Harnessing the energies of mother-nature in quantities hugeenough for global consumption by means of utility scale generationplants/or farms; may require different approaches and solutions fromconventional methods, systems and apparatus presently available. Inparticular high altitude wind energy, the Roaring 40's, the Furious50's, the Shrieking/or Screaming 60's, the Jet Stream (exceeds 92 km/h;up to 398 km/h). The low altitude sector (800 m to 1 km) of wind energytypically harnessed by wind turbines mounted on fixed towers comprisesabout 2% of the total global wind power. Whereas 98% of the global windenergy lies out of reach at a height of above 800 meters; and may beextracted by means of airborne wind energy systems operating above thisaltitude. Present invention discloses methods and systems for using abagged energy collection system wherein tethered windbags and water-bagsmay be used in combination with ducted turbine-generators for producinggreen electricity.

SUMMARY

Present invention discloses systems, methods and techniques of adaptingand transforming the bodies of 99 ax and 201 ax of HAV-100 and HUV-200into self-generating apparatus with the integration of turbine unitspowered by wind and water. The windbags 30 and water-bags 40 function asoriginally configured; enabling the engagement and conversion ofenergies in wind and tidal currents into useful electrical energy. Theuse of fixed solid state shrouds, hoods, ducts; casings affixedexternally to turbines or used as a housing structure is known. Penstock575; or turbine housing 615 of present invention may also be used for:protection of turbines; and to keep wildlife out of the turbine blades.But most importantly, for improved efficiency by confining the highvelocity fluid flow created by means of the equipment within the system;not spilt or lost to the surroundings.

Present invention discloses the use of windbags 30 ax and water-bags 40ax; an apparatus/or device configured to work and act as: (1) a fluidcollector for the capture and entrapment of moving fluid currents. (2)Configured to create the magnifier effects; for the multiplication andamplification of the inherent kinetic energy/or velocity in wind andwater currents. Wherein said bagged apparatus work as a flow velocitymagnifier; amplifier; enhancer; aggregator; congregator; a concentratorof kinetic energies. The amplification and transformation of thiscaptured kinetic energy from a low speed to a much higher speed. Suchthat said bagged apparatus 30 ax; 40 ax may be used in tandem with thedevices of present invention; or existing devices and appliancescomprising turbines; or other energy conversion apparatus for thepurpose of: (3) Enabling a multi-fold increase in efficiency andproductivity in the generation of renewable energies.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be describedwith reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:—

FIG. 1A shows a perspective side view of an integrated wind energycapture and direct conversion apparatus 610 a. FIG. 1B shows a parallelapparatus of FIG. 1A. An integrated tidal energy capture and directconversion apparatus 610 b.

FIG. 1C shows a wind energy amplification apparatus 670; used with ahooded direct conversion turbine generator. FIG. 1D shows a side view ofa wind energy amplification apparatus; used with vertical axis turbinegenerators. FIG. 1E shows a perspective view of FIG. 1D. FIG. 1F showsan enlarged view of FIG. 1D. FIG. 1G shows a split unit tidal energyextraction; transmission; and generation system 620.

FIG. 2A shows a circular shaped inlet port 25 ax. FIG. 2B shows an ovalshaped inlet port. FIG. 2C shows an ablong shaped inlet port. FIG. 2Dshows an inverted oblong shaped inlet port of FIG. 2C. FIG. 2E shows arectangular shaped inlet port. FIG. 2F shows a square shaped inlet port.FIG. 2G shows a semi-circular shaped inlet port. FIG. 2H shows atrapezoid shaped multi-sided inlet port. FIG. 2I shows a bag with anenlarged inlet port.

FIG. 2J shows a floating windbag system 630 a. FIG. 2K shows a dualpurpose floating—submersible water-bag system 620 b cum windbag system630 b with integrated turbine-generators 611. FIG. 2L shows a largeunderwater rectangular shaped water-bag 40 ax with integratedturbine-generators 611; mounted on vertically inclined beams andpillars. FIG. 2M shows an air bellows-clamping apparatus 633.

FIG. 3A shows the perspective view of an underwater system 620 d. FIG.3B shows a side view. FIG. 3C shows a plan view. FIG. 3D shows a variantapparatus 644; while FIG. 3E shows a variant apparatus 619; both used inoperating and controlling the inlet port 25 ax size.

FIG. 3F shows a the use of detachable drilling pipes 650 with permanentdrill pipes 660 in securing system 620 d into position. FIG. 3G shows apermanent subsea foundation 660 for anchoring apparatus 620 d.

FIG. 3H shows the side view of a windbag system 670 with a split unitconfiguration. FIG. 3I shows a plan view. FIG. 3J shows the rear view of670 with the plurality of ducted fluid outlet ports 614.

FIG. 3K shows an integrated underwater turbine-generator system 690combined with a ballast tank 578 ax. FIG. 3L shows an automated ballastcontrol system 686. FIG. 3M shows a sectional view of helical shapedscrew turbine 613.

FIG. 4A shows a submerged split unit marine turbine-generator system 700and supporting ecosystem. FIG. 4B shows a sectional view 4B-4B of system700; FIG. 4C shows a variant configuration of FIG. 4B. FIG. 4D shows aside view of renewable energy farm 710; while FIG. 4E shows a plan view.

FIG. 4F shows a side sectional view; while FIG. 4G shows a perspectiveview of apparatus 711. FIG. 4H shows cross-section 4H-4H of 711. FIG. 4Ishows a front view of apparatus 712. FIG. 4J and FIG. 4K showscustomized apparatus 730; for servicing and repair of turbine-generator700.

FIG. 5A shows a split unit ocean energy conversion system 740;comprising a multitude of differing drive units used for extraction ofocean renewable energies of wind and tidal power; transmission ofmechanical energy harvested; to the centralized driven unit. FIG. 5Bshows a variant configuration of system 740.

FIG. 5C shows the combined use made of a variety of tidal and windenergies extraction apparatus for powering counter-rotating generators585 ax; 590 ax. FIG. 5D shows mechanical torque transmission by meansof: belt and pulley wheels apparatus; and a roller chain and sprocketapparatus.

FIG. 5E shows the plan view; while FIG. 5F shows the frontal view of avariant configuration of tidal turbines and horizontal axis windturbines mounted on turn-tables on floating platform 740 v. FIG. 5Gshows an integrated tidal turbine-generator 611. FIG. 5H shows the sideview; FIG. 5I shows the frontal view of a surface based floating system750. A variant combined wind turbine cum tidal turbines generationsystem.

FIG. 5J shows the frontal view; while FIG. 5K shows the side view of atidal energy farm. A flotilla of underwater turbine-generators 700suspended in the ocean at various depths may be supported by means ofanchoring lines affixed to the seabed; and to a surface floatingplatform. FIG. 5L shows turbine-generator 700 attached to; and held inposition by lines 295 ax.

FIG. 6A shows an ocean energy farm 770 comprising a multitude ofturbines attached to extended shafts running between two structuralbodies 771; 607. The extended shafts driving two generators at eitherend. Or, both ends. FIG. 6B shows a turbine enclosed by floats. FIG. 6Cshows details of ring 774. FIG. 6D shows details of cross-section 6D-6D.FIG. 6E shows details of flexibly connected turbine blades 472 ax.

FIG. 6F shows a variant configuration of counter-rotating generator 777.

FIG. 6G shows a perspective view of an enclosed marine structure 771.FIG. 6H shows a plan view of system 770; comprising structures 771affixed to seabed 537 ax. Multiple interconnected marine structures 771may be arranged to maximize harvesting of ocean renewable energiescomprising: solar; wind; tidal; wave energies. FIG. 6I and FIG. 6J showsa flexibly extendable and retractable extended shaft 692.

FIG. 6K shows a variant structure 780 a configured with a plurality ofhorizontal axis wind and tidal turbine 472 ax mounted on a monopile 788;for use in shallow water. FIG. 6L shows a variant structure 780 b foruse in deeper-waters. FIG. 6M shows a plurality of vertical axis tidalturbines 477 ax and wind turbines 477 ax. Mechanical torque derived fromsaid multitude of turbines 472 ax; 477 ax may be transmitted by shafts692; combined together to drive a single centralized generator 777; onsurface deck 736.

FIG. 7A shows a combined solar-wind-tidal-wave energies generationplatform 290 ax. The collected torque may be used to power a surfacebased generator 777. FIG. 7B and FIG. 7C shows the side; and plan viewof a marine; hydro; riverine renewable energies farm 790 a configuredwith fluid diversion walls 790. Tidal flow channeled by means of tidaldykes/or sea fences 790 may increase tidal velocity; for drivingvertically; or horizontally aligned generators 777. FIG. 7D shows aperspective view; FIG. 7E shows a plan view of a structure comprising aplurality of vertical and horizontal beams erected for extraction ofocean energies. Structural beams maybe integrated with ducted penstock575 ax; tidal turbines 472 ax. Torque generated may collectively betransmitted to power generator 777.

FIG. 7F shows a floating Spars structure 607 ax integrated with wind andtidal turbines 472 ax; their output (torque) combined for poweringgenerator 777. FIG. 7G shows a perspective view; FIG. 7H shows asectional view of a sea dyke 790; creating a tidal lagoon 798. Turbinesin tunnels 799 converts tidal energies to mechanical; to electricalenergies (777).

FIG. 8A shows a plan view; FIG. 8B shows a perspective side view of: anaerial drone 800 a integrated with a wind powered turbine-generator 500aax. FIG. 8C shows a drone 800 b of FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B integrated witha variant ultra-light-weight turbine-generator 500 vax. FIG. 8D shows avariant self-propelled aerial drone 400 vax integrated with a pluralityof additional motorized turbo-fans 70 ax.

FIG. 8E to FIG. 8G shows a morphing drone 800 c of FIG. 8A with dualsets of wings 69 ax; (404 ax). One larger set of wings 69 bax at thebottom; with one smaller set of wings 69 tax stacked above in anover-under configuration. Wind bag 30 ax may be mounted between twinwings for traction-generation of electricity alike HAV-100 ax. Orintegrated with a high velocity turbine 500 aax; 500 bax; 500 cax; 500dax; 471 ax.

FIG. 8H to FIG. 8J shows a variant morphing drone 800 d of FIG. 8E toFIG. 8G with dual sets of similar sized wings 69 ax. In flight thebottom set of wings 69 bax may be flipped backward; towards the rear. Atcruising height, wings 69 bax may be flipped forward and downward(over-under) forming a bi-plane's normal configuration. FIG. 8J showsthe side view of drone with twin set of wings configured to form atapered, funnel, “V”-shaped aerial apparatus (fore to aft) with turbinegenerator 500 vax inside.

FIG. 8K to FIG. 8M shows a drone 800 e configured with a rectangularshaped inlet port 25 ax for traction-generation of electricity. FIG. 8Nshows a variant plain drone 800 leading a series of windbags orwater-bags 76 ax; 222 ax for traction-generation of renewableelectricity. FIG. 8′O′ shows a master drone vehicle leading a series ofdrones during the depowering phase before the retraction phase (returnback to base).

FIG. 8P shows a variant drone vehicle 800 f; wherein vehicle 100 ax; 200ax may be modified with improved propulsion and lift generation meansfor better efficiency. FIG. 8Q shows a variant drone 800 g (a hybridairplane-rocket shaped body) configured with a shroudedturbine-generator 500 vax located aft.

FIG. 9A to FIG. 9B shows a variant drone apparatus 800 h wherein, aself-propelled turbine-generator unit 500 vax may be configured with ashrouded wingsuit 30 ax at its periphery; multiple turbine propulsionunits 70 ax mounted on struts 822. FIG. 9C shows a variant droneapparatus 800 i of FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B wherein, a self-propelledtraction-generation unit HAV-100 a may be similarly configured.Turbine-generator 500 vax may be replaced with a windbag 30 ax;water-bag 40 ax for traction (drive unit 51 ax) of a surface mounteddriven unit (generation) 55 ax.

FIG. 9D shows a variant drone apparatus 800 j of FIG. 9A to FIG. 9Cwherein, said turbine-generator 500 vax; windbag 30 ax; water-bag 40 ax;may be mounted on a rocket-shaped body 99 ax; (torpedo-shaped body 201ax;) configured with airplane wings 69 ax; hydroplanes 205 ax; andpropulsion units 70 ax.

FIG. 9E shows a specially configured turbine-generator 500 aax; 500 bax;of FIG. 9D wherein, said electrical and magnetic elements may bewaterproofed and externally sealed in a robust layer of water resistantcomposite materials. Such protective coatings may be used withelectrical generation components of underwater drones; or aerial droneswhich may be exposed to high moisture content.

FIG. 10A to FIG. 10B shows a counter rotating generator 777 v configuredwith a planetary gears apparatus 830; for conversion of torque; from oneinput into two output. FIG. 10C to FIG. 10E shows a plurality ofunderwater tidal turbines configured for direct generation ofelectricity; generation of torque and its transmission. FIG. 10F to FIG.10H shows differing arrangements for deploying said plurality offloating tidal turbines. FIG. 10I shows a bottoms based tidal turbinessystem 835 affixed to seabed. FIG. 10J shows an arrangement of shrouds615 v for concentrating tidal flow into system 835.

FIG. 11A to FIG. 11C shows differing configuration of the drive units 51ax and driven units 55 ax of present invention. From fully manualsystems to fully automated systems using drones. From rotor—stator tocounter-rotating rotor—rotor configuration. FIG. 11D to FIG. 11G showsthe integration of turbine generators 500 aax; 835; with pontoon bodies840. Enabling said turbines to be deployed from the top to the bottom ofthe water column. FIG. 11H and FIG. 11I shows the use ofturbine-generator 500 eax with HUV-200 vax.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONS

The structural configuration, concept, method and system of providingbagged drone bodies integrated with turbines for harnessing andextracting the energies contained in a moving air (wind) and watercurrent for the generation of electricity; is herein disclosed.Transforming its kinetic energy into mechanical and then electricalenergy by means of a turbine. In this specification, all referencenumbers made to previous disclosures (in parent patent applications) aredenoted with the alphabets “ax”.

FIG. 1A illustrates system 610 a; the adaptation and transformation ofthe body 99 ax of a HAV-100/and or the structural body 201 ax of aHUV-200 into a self-generating apparatus 610 a with an integratedturbine-generator 611 a (nacelle) located to the fore of body 99 ax; 201ax. Wind bag 30 ax or water-bag 40 ax may be used to capture the movingfluid medium. Modifications may include the use of a plurality of airpillars 420 ax to reinforce support of airbag 30 aa or water-bag inaddition to the existing inflated inlet port ring 22 ax; air-ribs 277ax; a plurality of fluid diversion ports 612 incorporated into the bodystructure 99 ax or 201 ax to channel wind and/or water flow captured byinlet port 25 ax to a turbine-generator apparatus 611 a. The integratedturbine-generator apparatus 611 a may comprise of a helical-screw typeimpeller-turbine 613. After passing through apparatus 611 a the fluidleaves by means of exit port 614. Turbine generator 611 a may beconfigured surrounded by a ducted housing 615; a variant of confinedpenstock 575 ax. The whole apparatus may be protected and surrounded by:a balloon 58 ax filled with lighter than air gas such as hydrogen orhelium; or, a buoy 508 ax; or, a ballast container 578 ax. The container578 ax and turbine-generator 611 a; or the whole apparatus 610 a mayalso be attached by means of lines 295 ax to a supporting body such as akytoon; aerostat 45 ax; blimp 45 ax; power kite; glider; glider-drone400M; HAV-400 ax; UAV 80 ax; powered glider-kite-drone; etc. Theapparatus 610 a may also be secured by means of lines or tether 46 ax;50 ax; 295 ax; to fixed anchoring pillars 625; beams 626; beams 708;jacket legs 291 ax; fixed platforms 290 ax; etc.

FIG. 1B illustrates system 610 b a variant of system 610 a (FIG. 1A);wherein said airbag 30 aa or water-bag 40 aa may be supported by aplurality of struts 232 ax′; 232 ax″ attached to a hub 224 ax activatedby means of a pneumatic; or, hydraulic system 244 ax concealed insidethe body 99 ax; 201 ax. (Refer FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B of U.S. Pat. No.8,963,362). The variant segmented plurality of struts 232 ax′; 232 ax″may be elongated and/or contracted by means of hydraulic or pneumaticpressure from concealed system 244 ax inside body 99 ax; 201 ax. Theplurality of turbine generators 611 b incorporated at the fore portionof the apparatus may be configured such that the internal bore (passage)of the turbine blades 616 may be made progressively larger as the fluidmoves from fore to aft; from sections S1 to S2 to S3. Such that turbinegenerators of section S1 may experience the highest velocity; whileSection S2 may experience reduced velocity. Section S3 may experiencethe lowest velocity. Such a structural configuration may help to avoidbuild-up of back-pressure upstream of the turbine blades 616; at fluiddiversion ports 612. Because back pressure at the exit port 614 meantthat fluid captured by the collection windbag 30 aa or water-bag 40 aais being spilt. Over-flowing from the brim; from the sides of the inletport 25 ax; from inside of the fluid filled cavity 19 ax out into theopen and thus, lost. Such a deficiency reduces the efficiency of theapparatus 610 a; 610 b. The crux lies in utilizing all of the fluidcollected with zero spillage. That is, conversion of all of the fluid'skinetic energy into mechanical energy; which is then transformed intoelectrical energy.

FIG. 1C illustrates two separate units comprising: (1) system 670; awind or water energy collection; capture and conversion system enabledby means of a windbag 30 aa or water-bag 40 aa wherein; said wind orwater current entering the inlet port 25 ax may be channeled by means ofdiversion ports 612; through exit nozzle 614 (without aturbine-generator 611 in between); and directed onto an, (2) integratedstand-alone ducted 615 turbine-generator 617 (with nacelle). For thepurpose of illustration, the two apparatus (1) and (2) may be split; andlocated some distance away from each other. Apparatus 670 may compriseof a windbag supported by a pillar 618′; 618″; a body 99 ax/or 201 ax;struts 232 ax′; 232 ax″; inlet port 25 ax; exit port or nozzle 614. Byitself, said turbine-generator 617 is able to capture the inherentvelocity of the ambient wind (for example: wind velocity at 2 m/s;turbine swept area 2 m2) to generate electricity. Using the formula:Power=½ pAv3Cp. Apparatus 617 generates a power of: 6.183 Watts.However, if the individual units (1) and (2) are combined together theirproductivity may experience an exponential increase. Wherein powergenerated may undergo a multiplier effect when turbine-generator 617 isused in combination with the kinetic energy concentrating and velocityenhancing bagged apparatus 670. For example: due to the large differencein size between the inlet port 25 ax (20 m) versus the outlet port/orexit port nozzle 614 (2 m); at a wind velocity of 2 m/s. The ratiobetween inlet area versus outlet area is: (20 m×20 m) versus (2 m×2m)=10:1. According to Bernoulli's equation: the velocity at the exitnozzle 614 is 100 times more (faster) than the velocity at the inletport 25 ax. Applying the formula; Power=½ pAv3Cp; the power imparted bythis stream of high velocity fluid onto the turbine-generator 617 being:6.183 MW. A comparison may be made between: turbine generator 617configured without apparatus 670 (6.183 Watts). Versus turbine-generator617 configured with velocity enhancing apparatus 670 (6.183 MW).Indicates an exponential (theoretical) increase of 1,000,000 times—aquantum leap in power generation; created by means of a simple baggedapparatus 670! But due to the separation and open distance betweenapparatus 670 and turbine-generator 617; etc. much lesser conversionefficiency may be expected due to spillage of high velocity fluid. Theabove figure of 1 million times is only a theoretical illustration. Thisis impossible to achieve practically. There are physical limits as tohow much fluids may be compressed.

To take full advantage of the above; optimized harvesting of theconcentrated kinetic energies generated by apparatus 670 may be achievedby means of integrating apparatus 670 with apparatus 617. Wherein unit(1) and (2) may be combined together. To maximize productivity andconversion efficiency the external duct 615; or housing 615 of apparatus617 may be directly connected with the exit nozzle 614 of apparatus 670.Thus the outlet port/or exit nozzle 614 of apparatus 670 may beintegrated with the ducted 615 turbine-generator 617 in a closed;enclosed or confined system. Wherein by means of a ducted; shrouded; orconfined system configuration; the full force, the full impact of thehigh velocity fluid created by the bagged apparatus 670 may be broughtto bear directly on the blades of ducted turbine-generator 617. Suchthat the high velocity fluid created is fully utilized. Not spilt,dispersed or lost to the surrounding unnecessarily. Wherein a baggedapparatus 30 ax; or 40 ax; may be configured for use with multiple unitsof turbine-generators 617; 611 a; 611 b; 471 ax; 472 ax; 477 ax; etc.

The advantages of using such a kinetic-energy magnifying baggedapparatus 670 in tandem with turbine-generator 617 (or any otherturbine-generator) is obvious. Because even by scaling up the ducted 615blades of turbine-generator 617 (by 10 times) from 1 m to 10 m length(20 m diameter swept area); 2 m/s wind velocity. The quantity of powergenerated by a standalone apparatus 617 is only 618.3 watts. A hundredtimes more than the original 1 m turbine length (2 m diameter sweptarea) of 6.183 watts. But still 10,000 time less than the powergenerated; as compared to when apparatus 617 is used in tandem/orintegrated with apparatus 670 (6.183 MW).

Therefore, turbines may be made smaller. But made much more robust;sturdier; tougher and stronger to withstand super high velocitiescreated by means of apparatus 670. The windbags 30 ax; water-bags 40 axmay be made larger and taller to maximize collection; gathering andenergy extraction of wind and tidal currents. The bagged 30 ax; 40 axpower generation system 670 may be configured to work with supportingapparatus and equipment of variant systems 610; 620; 630; 477 ax; etc.to enhance the efficiency and productivity of any other (fluids) windand water energy conversion apparatus; devices; systems; equipment; etc.such as: horizontal axis turbines; vertical axis turbines; etc. Asillustrated in FIG. 1D to FIG. 1F below.

FIG. 1D to FIG. 1F illustrates variant configuration of FIG. 1C;wherein, system 619 comprising two crane booms 619 p; 619 s; positionedport and starboard holding a windbag 30 ax; may be configured to work intandem with vertical axis turbines 477 ax. System 619 comprises: awindbag 30 aa mounted on and supported by twin crane booms 619 p; 619 s;on the port and starboard sides; with an exit port 614. Wind currententering inlet port 25 ax may be channeled by means of diversion ports612 mounted on body 99 ax; through exit nozzle 614 (without aturbine-generator 611 in between); and directed onto a pair of verticalaxis turbine-generators 477 pax (port); 477 sax (starboard); which maybe located a short distance away from the exit nozzle 614. Exit port 614may be configured in a rectangular shape for working with twin verticalturbines 477 pax and 477 sax. Said turbines 477 pax; 477 sax; rotatingin opposite directions to each other as illustrated in FIG. 1E. WhileFIG. 1F illustrates a variant oblong shaped exit port 614 configured towork with multiple units of self-generating vertical axis turbines 477vax (with nacelles); supported by a pillar 618. For maximum efficiency;apparatus 619 may be combined with apparatus 477 vax. Wherein, exit port614 and apparatus 477 vax may be configured; connected with an oblongshaped duct 615; to effectively channel the concentrated flow of highspeed fluid for producing electricity.

FIG. 1G illustrates a variant split unit energy conversion system 620 a;wherein a water-bag 40 ax may be used with variant system 620 a derivedfrom: system 575 ax; and system 600 ax. (Refer FIG. 6R; FIG. 7A to FIG.7H; of pending application U.S. Ser. No. 15/630,670.) Wherein saidarrangement comprises of an underwater: (1) turbine 472 ax (kineticenergy to mechanical energy conversion); (2) extended flexible torquetransmission shafts 595 ax; angular transmission gearbox 583 ax; acouple of joints of universal coupling 666 (mechanical energytransmission apparatus); may be interfaced with, (3) a variant surfacebased electrical generator 577 vax (mechanical energy to electricalenergy conversion); mounted on floating buoy 508 ax; ballast vessel 578ax; which may in turn be moored to the seabed 537 ax by means of cables295 ax. Apparatus used for torque transmission (mechanical energy) mayalso comprise of: chains and sprockets (used in bicycle and motorcycle);and pulley wheels and belts (used in vehicle alternators;air-conditioning; industrial machines). Switch gears 622; transformers622; rectifiers 622; sub-stations 622 may be securely and appropriatelymounted in sheltered locations abroad floating surface buoys 508 ax;ballast vessels 598 ax; or surface support vessels 632.

FIG. 2A to FIG. 2H illustrates the various configuration and differentshapes of the inlet port 25 ax that may be used to enable optimizedcapture of wind and water currents by means of windbag 30 ax andwater-bags 40 ax. FIG. 2A illustrates a circular shaped inlet port 25ax. FIG. 2B illustrates an oval shaped inlet port. FIG. 2C illustratesan oblong shaped inlet port. FIG. 2D illustrates an inverted oblongshaped inlet port of FIG. 2C turned upside down. FIG. 2E illustrates arectangular shaped inlet port. FIG. 2F illustrates a square shaped inletport. FIG. 2G illustrates a semi-circular shaped inlet port. FIG. 2Hillustrates a trapezoid shaped multi-sided inlet port. FIG. 2Iillustrates a bag with an enlarged inlet port. A plurality of inflatedinlet port rings 22 ax; air ribs 277 ax; horizontal air pillars 420 ax;vertical air pillars 420 ax; securing lines 66 ax; 623; reinforcementstraps 624; solid body frame work 99 ax; 201 ax; concrete pillars 625;concrete beams 626; anchoring lines 627; etc. may also be used toreinforce and maintain the desired shape of the inlet port 25 ax andbags 30 ax; 40 ax for their intended utility purposes. Inlet port ring22 ax may also be spilt into individual sections; comprising a pluralityof pieces (e.g. 4 pieces for square or rectangular shaped inlet port 25ax) which may be inflated and used to maintain the shape of inlet port25 ax; keeping it open. Line 23 ax configured behind inlet port ring 22ax may be used to control the size (opening) of the inlet port. Line 23ax may also be used to keep the inlet port 25 ax shut after maintenance,prior to deployment or mobilization. Or to shut the inlet port 25 ax;keeping it in a closed position during demobilization.

FIG. 2J illustrates system 630 a; a floating, semi-circular shapedwind-bag 30 ax and turbine-generator module 611 mounted on a pluralityof buoys 508 ax; ballast vessels 578 ax; supported by structural bodymember 99 ax and air pillars 420 ax; inlet port ring 22 ax; air-ribs 277ax embedded with bridle line 21 ax; straps 624. Apparatus 630 a may besecured by means of anchoring lines 295 ax to undersea piles 562 axaffixed to the seabed 537 ax. Anchoring lines 295 ax may also be securedto other anchoring apparatus adapted and modified into geologic featuresas disclosed in FIG. 6R of the pending parent application U.S. Ser. No.15/630,670. FIG. 6R discloses: “such geologic features may compriseseamounts 555 ax and islands 560 ax. Submerged seamounts 555 ax maycomprise: guyots 556 ax; pinnacles 557 ax; knolls 558 ax; etc. Such thatsurface unevenness in the topography comprising: holes; indentations;protrusions; fissures; cracks; nooks and crannies, etc. of the seamounts555 ax; submarine ridges 559 ax; trenches 561 ax; canyons; seafloor 537ax, etc. may be adapted, modified and converted for use as anchoringpoints for securing lines 295 ax. By means of man-made apparatuscomprising: piles 562 ax and pillars 545 ax; reinforced concrete beams563 ax; cement plugs 564 ax; holes 566 ax drilled and artificial grooves567 ax cut into suitable places of the rocky features of the seamounts555 ax and islands 560 ax. Such that anchor lines 295 ax may be securedto pillars 545 ax and piles 562 ax; lines looped around small hills,pinnacles 557 ax; ridges 559 ax; lines looped through holes 566 ax heldsecurely in recessed grooves 567 ax; etc.”

FIG. 2K illustrates a combined wind and water energies conversionapparatus comprising: an aerial system 620 b; and an underwater system630 b. A dual purpose semi-submersible windbag 30 ax and water-bag 40 axwith a circular inlet port 25 ax. If and when coincidentally, the windblows and the seawater flows in the same direction, such an apparatusmay be used to harness the energies of both the wind and tidal currentsat the same time. Wind and marine hydro-kinetic currents entering theinlet port 22 ax of the bag exits through twin wind and waterturbine-generators 611 mounted (over and under) at the aft of the body99 ax (201 ax); The apparatus may be supported by air pillars 420 ax;buoys 508 ax; ballast tanks 578 ax; and anchoring lines 295 ax securedto piles 562 ax; pillars 545 ax; in the seabed 537 ax. When the windchanges direction the apparatus may be converted into a water-bag andbecame fully submerged; by relocating the buoys 508 ax; ballast vessel578 ax to the top of the water-bag 40 ax; and adjusting their ballast.The reverse may be done to fully convert the apparatus into a windbag.

FIG. 2L and FIG. 2M illustrates system 620 c; a water-bag 40 axconfigured with a rectangular shaped inlet port secured by a multitudeof lines 627 to a plurality of vertically inclined concrete pillars 625and concrete beams 626; affixed and/or inserted to the seabed 537 ax;mooring buoys 508 ax and ballast tanks 578 ax. The lines 627 used tosecure bag 40 ax to pillars 625; and bellow-clamp 633; may be held by anouter plastic cover 628 which is flexible and pliable. The top andbottom portions of outer cover 628 may be linked to two pulley wheels629 t; 629 b by means of dual strands 631′; 631″; of a closed loop line631. Pulley 629 t and the top portion of line 631 may be borne by a buoy508 ax; or supporting vessel 632. While pulley 629 b bearing bottomportion of line 631 may be affixed to the seabed 537 ax. Such anarrangement enables ease of deployment and powering up of the water-bag40 ax; and its depowering and recovery for maintenance and repairpurposes.

Such an apparatus may be configured with the inlet port measuring 1 kmsquare to 10 km square in size. And may be equipped with multiple unitsof turbine-generator 611. Electrical energy generated by integratedturbine generation units 611 may be transmitted by underwatertransmission lines 457 ax secured to ballast tank 578 ax. Units 611 mayalso be mounted on mechanical arms configured with hydraulic jacks 619.Optionally, the split unit energy conversion system 620 a of FIG. 1G maybe used. Wherein the drive units comprising turbines 472 ax for kineticto mechanical energy conversion remains submerged under the sea. Whilethe driven units comprising heavy and extremely delicate electricalgeneration elements and/or related electrical components 622 remains onthe sea surface; mounted and sheltered inside ballast vessel 578 ax orsupport vessel 632 in a dry and secure environment; protected from thewind and corrosive sea water. Said drive unit and driven unit componentsconnected in between by a mechanical energy transmission systemcomprising extended shaft 595 ax; angular transmission gearbox 583 ax; acouple of joints of universal coupling 666; etc.

FIG. 2M illustrates sub-system 633; comprising an air bellow-clampingapparatus used to flexibly secure the plurality of lines 627 ontoconcrete pillars and beams 625 p; 625 s; 626. Apparatus 633 may bemounted on and borne by net 628/or cover 628; which may be slipped oververtical pillars 625 p; 625 s. Apparatus 633 includes: a strong rigidouter ring 634; a plurality of flexibly configured air bellows 635;attached with a plurality (of pieces) of clamps 636. Lines 627 connectedto the periphery of water-bag 40 ax may be attached and positioned onthe inner-most ring of clamps 636; lying in between the clamps 636 andpillars 625 p; 625 s. A plurality of apparatus 633 may be moved intotheir desired positions on pillars 625 p and beams 625 s by means ofnetting cover 628 and dual pulley lines 631′; 631″. The apparatus 633may be inflated by means of air pump 637; compressed air being suppliedby means of air line 638. Low pressure air from line 638 going to airpump 637 may be used to supply and to operate pump 637 to increase itsdischarge air pressure going to the bellows 635 of apparatus 633. Highpressure air inflating the flexible bellows 635 causes it to expand;pushing it hard against the rigid outer ring 634; and the pillar 625 p;or beam 625 s located at the center. Causing the clamps 636 holdinglines 627 to clamp tightly on to the pillar 625 p; beam 625 s;sandwiching the lines 627 tightly in between, holding them in position.When compressed air or water is released from the bellow 635, thesecuring lines 627 are let loose. Water-bag 40 aa may be retrievedtogether with apparatus 633 by means of netting cover 628 attached todual lines 631′; 631″; powered by motorized 639 winch 629 t.

For ease of system operability the protruding top portions of verticalpillars 625 p; 625 s; and beams 626 p; 626 s; may be configured in aninclined position; slanted backwards; towards the aft position; towardsthe downstream side of the tidal stream flow. Such that retrieval ofsaid bagged generation system 630 c during demobilization may beassisted by the natural flow of fluid current. The tidal flow pushingthe components downstream; pushing the bottom portion of the inlet port25 ax upwards; narrowing the size of its opening; and depowering thesystem naturally when inlet port 25 ax became shut. This structuralinclination working in tandem with the motorized 639 reeling of lines631′; 631″; by means of pulley wheels 629 t and 629 b in bringing thewater-bag upwards; towards the surface of the sea 621. Duringmobilization, the inlet port 25 ax may be kept shut, fully closed, andthe whole bag lowered to the bottom of the sea in a closed position. Thebellow-clamps 633 located at the bottom, the lowest level may bedeployed first; followed by the bellow clamps 633 located higher up, inthe middle. And finally the bellow-clamps 633 located at the top. Withthe bag gradually opening up from the bottom; to the middle; then to thetop.

FIG. 3A to FIG. 3F illustrates a variant configuration 620 d of thesystem 620 c illustrated in FIG. 2L and FIG. 2M. FIG. 3A illustrates theperspective front view of a water-bag 40 ax mounted on a solidrectangular framework. FIG. 3B illustrates the sectional side view ofFIG. 3A. FIG. 3C illustrates the sectional plan view of FIG. 3A and FIG.3B. The rectangular inlet port 25 ax comprises of: a top horizontal beam640 t; a bottom horizontal beam 640 b; two sets of vertically alignedmovable arms 641 and 642 attached by hinged joints 643 located at theport and starboard sides. The two sets of vertically aligned arms; oneset each mounted at the port side 641 p; 642 p; 643 p; and the starboardside 641 s; 642 s; 643 s; allows movement of the top and bottomhorizontal beams 640 t; 640 b; akin to a fish's mouth opening andclosing. The entire apparatus 620 d may be attached to an anchoringapparatus 650 by means of 4 supporting struts 648 p; 649 p; 648 s; 649s; two each (located port; starboard sides) connected to the top beam640 t and bottom beam 640 b. FIG. 3D illustrates a variant configurationwherein said vertically aligned arms 641; 642; 643; optionally maycomprise of a scissors like design; wherein a multitude of short struts644 connected together by means of hinged joints forming a scissors-likemechanism may be opened and closed; elongated and collapsed; thusopening and closing the inlet port 25 ax. The top and bottom horizontalbeams 640 t; 640 b may be attached to the body 99 ax; 201 ax of theapparatus by means of struts or mechanical arms 645 t; 645 b. Twinmechanical jacks 619 t; 619 b; may be used to manipulate the struts orarms 645 t; 645 b; which in turn moved the top and bottom horizontalbeams 640 t; 640 b; causing the inlet port 25 ax to open or close asrequired. Enabling variable control of the size of inlet port 25 ax.FIG. 3E illustrates a variant configuration wherein struts or arms 645t; 645 b; may be configured to comprise of two mechanical jacks 619 t;619 b; working like twin crane-booms controlling the top and bottombeams 640 t; 640 b; and thus the size of inlet port 25 ax. The entireapparatus 620 d may be attached to an anchoring apparatus 650 by meansof 4 supporting struts 648 p; 649 p; 648 s; 649 s; two each (locatedport; starboard sides) connected to the top beam 640 t and bottom beam640 b. Swivel anchoring apparatus 650 may in turn be affixed to theseabed or seafloor 537 ax by means of a plurality of piles 562 ax;and/or pillars 545 ax. Two struts each on the port side 648 p; 649 p;and the starboard side 648 s; 649 s. FIG. 3F illustrates the flexiblyconfigured drilling strings apparatus 650 which may be used to enablemobilization and demobilization of the entire apparatus 620 d.

FIG. 3B illustrates the sectional side view of FIG. 3A. Tidal currentflows through the inlet port 25 ax formed by horizontally disposed topand bottom boards 640 t; 640 b; and twin vertically disposed side armsor struts 641; 642; connected by hinged joint 643 located at the portside (not shown) 641 p; 642 p; 643 p; and starboard side (shown) 641 s;642 s; 643 s. Tidal current passes by inclined twin arms 645 t; 645 b;operated by means of hydraulic or pneumatic jacks 619 t; 619 b; enteringvia a plurality of diversion ports 612; before going through body 201ax; then into turbine-generators 611; then finally exiting throughoutlet port 614. FIG. 3C illustrates the sectional plan view of FIG. 3Aand FIG. 3B; showing a plurality of diversion ports 612 on the enlargedstructural body 201 ax; connected to a plurality of turbine-generators611. Detachably configured turbine-generators 611 may be attached to ordisconnected from the structural body 201 ax for maintenance andservicing purposes.

The ocean energy harvesting apparatus 620 d may be used to collect,entrap and capture tidal currents using an enlarged inlet port 25 ax;channeling and concentrating the fluid; amplifying its velocity; forcingit through a plurality of integrated turbine-generators 611 (withnacelle); then released through the outlet port 614. Water current flowsthrough large apertures 612 on the mounting body 201 ax before enteringthree turbine-generators 611. Body 201 ax may be configured to functionas an automated ballasting and de-ballasting vessel for balancing andbuoyancy control of the whole ocean tidal energy conversion apparatus620 d; configured with integrated turbine-generators 611. Such that theself-supported apparatus is weightless; or exhibits minimal weight inthe water. Body 201 ax may also be utilized for carrying other equipmentand apparatus; such as the plurality of pneumatic or hydraulic system244 ax operated mechanical jacks 619 t; 619 b; for opening and closingthe inlet port 25 ax. Said jacking mechanisms 244 ax mounted on the body201 ax operated said struts or arms 645 t; 645 b connected to the topand bottom horizontal beams 640 t; 640 b; opening or closing the inletport 25 ax. The weight of the turbine-generators 611 may also besupported by means of lines 295 ax attached to mooring buoys 508 ax andsubmersible ballast vessels 578 ax. Power generated may be transmittedby means of underwater cables 475 ax. Turbine-generators 611 may also beconfigured with fully automated, integrated ballast and buoyancy controltanks (refer FIG. 3I and FIG. 3J). The surface buoys 508 ax andsubmersible ballast vessels 578 ax located fore and aft above apparatus630 d may be connected together by means of a floating network of solidstructural beams 652; grid 703; including struts; truss; lines; etc. forconstituting a floating platform for production and processing of oceanrenewable energies comprising: solar; offshore wind; and marinehydro-kinetic energies including tidal stream energies.

Referring to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3F; the anchoring system for apparatus 620d may comprise of: a removable component 650; and a fixed component 660.Enabling apparatus 620 d to be flexibly yet securely anchored to afoundation comprising of: a plurality of drill pipe 651 (drill string651) and piles 562 ax affixed into the seabed 537 ax by means ofreinforced concrete slabs 653. Or by means of concreted natural cavernsor artificial caverns 565 ax drilled into the bed rocks 537 ax. Thefixed component 660 of the anchoring apparatus may comprise of a drillpipe 651 spudded into the bed rock of the seabed 537 ax (cemented inposition alike drilling and completion of wells in the oil and gasindustry) affixed together with a plurality of sub-sea piles 562 ax bymeans of reinforced concrete 653. The detachable component 650 of theanchoring apparatus may comprise of: a flexibly configured collar-sleeve654; a modified short drill pipe 655; and normal lengths of drill pipes656. Upon which apparatus 620 d may be attached via collar-sleeve 654.And supporting facilities comprising of a drilling machine withmechanical arms 657 bearing a rotating turn-table 658; abroad drill ship659 with drilling rig 659′. Collar-sleeve 654 bearing the 4 anchoringstruts 648 p; 649 p; 648 s; 649 s; may be affixed onto and integratedwith the modified short drill pipe 655 in the middle. Collar-sleeve 654and drill pipe 655 may be configured to rotate independently of eachother. For utility purposes the threads of the male coupling 656 m andfemale coupling 655 f of drill pipes 656 and 655 may be modified; andconfigured to work in a direction opposite to that of the male coupling655 m and female coupling 651 f of drill pipes 655 and 651.

During mobilization of apparatus 620 d, the whole apparatus may bedeployed in a collapsed form with the inlet port 25 ax kept fully shut.The entire apparatus 620 d may be borne by means of collar-sleeve 654;and the drill pipe 655. The male coupling 656 m of a detachable drillpipe 656 may be mated with (screwed tight by means of threads andgrooves) the female coupling 655 f of drill pipe 655. Drill pipe 656 maybe borne by a rotational drilling apparatus 658; held in place bymechanized arm 657; with all equipment carried by a modified drillingship 659/or drilling rig 659′. Mated drill pipes 655; 656 bearingapparatus 630 d may be lowered from the surface of the sea towardsanchoring drill pipe 651; assisted by means of homing signalstransmitted by sonar transceiver 299 sax; detected by sonar receiver 298sax. Sonar receiver 298 ax may be attached to collar-sleeve 654 or drillpipe 655. Sonar transceiver 299 ax may be attached to the concrete slab653 or drill pipe 651. In proximity male coupling 655 m of drill pipe655 may be slotted into the top funnel shaped female coupling 651 f ofdrill pipe 651 (fixed anchoring apparatus). Additional lengths of drillpipes 656′; 656″; etc. may be affixed to existing drill pipe 656 ifrequired. The drill pipes 656; 655 may then be rotated by means ofrotating apparatus 658 (e.g. clock-wise) abroad drill-ship 659. Male andfemale threads on the drill couplings 654 m and 651 f mated in place andtightened as a result. However, further turning of the drill pipes(pre-configured; desired outcome) causes the male and female couplings656 m and 654 f between drill pipes 656 and 655 to loosen; detachingfrom each other. Resulting in drill pipe 656 separating from drill pipe655. Drill pipe 656 may be removed; retrieved from apparatus 620 d backto the surface and drill ship 659/drilling-rig 659′. Drill pipe 655bearing apparatus 620 d remains securely attached to anchoring drillpipe 651 at the bottom of the sea. Other components comprising ballasttanks 578 ax; mooring buoys 508 ax; turbine generators 611; electricaltransmission cables 457 ax, etc. may be brought into position;connected; checked out; tested and deployed. The inlet port 25 ax may beoperated to open up last; by means of central struts 645 t; 645 b; andmechanized jacks 646 t; 646 b. Water current flows into the apparatus620 d and out through exit ports 614; generating renewable electricity;which may be channeled by means of submarine cables 457 ax to the seasurface 621 based rectifier 622; transformers 622; switching gears 622mounted on mooring buoys 508 ax and ballast tanks 578 ax; and fortransmission to shore facilities.

During demobilization, a reversal of the mobilization process may beexecuted. Wherein the inlet port 25 ax may be operated to close shutfirst; by means of central struts 645 t; 645 b; and mechanized jacks 646t; 646 b. Then the drill pipe 656 mounted on turntable apparatus 658carried by mechanical arms 657 may be lowered from the drill ship 659towards drill pipe 655 bearing collar-sleeve 654 and apparatus 620 d. Inclose proximity, the male coupling 656 m of drill pipe 656 is mated withthe female coupling 655 f of drill pipe 655. The drill pipe 656 turnedby turntable 658 (e.g. anti-clockwise) causes the coupling joints ofpipes 656 and 655 to tighten. Further turning of drill pipes 656 and655; causes the male coupling 655 m of drill pipe 655 to loosen, unscrewand then detach from the coupling joint between coupling 655 m and 651f. This causes apparatus 620 d to be separated from the anchoringapparatus 651 which is affixed to the seabed 537 ax. Buoyancy ofsubmarine bodies 201 ax may be maximized and air may be blown intowater-bag 40 ax by means of air lines 204 ax to increase buoyancy. Theentire apparatus 620 d including turbine-generators 611 may then beraised up to the surface. Flexibly configured turbine-generators 611 maybe detached from the submersible body 201 ax. Equipment checks;maintenance and repair works may then be carried out.

FIG. 3F illustrates the use of detachable component 650 together withthe fixed component 660; enabling easy mobilization and demobilization(installation and removal) of the entire apparatus 620 d. Onceconstructed the fixed component 660 of the anchoring apparatus remains apermanent feature. Only the detachable component 650 of anchoringapparatus comprising: collar-sleeve 654; normal length of drill pipe656; modified short drill pipe 655 upon which apparatus 620 d isattached; may be installed onto; and/or removed from the fixed component660 as desired. By means of supporting facilities such as ship 659 bornedrilling rig 659′ configured with drilling machines with mechanical arms657; and rotating turn-table 658. Prior to installation of apparatus 620d; modified short drill pipe 655 bearing collar-sleeve 654 and apparatus620 d may be affixed to a normal length of drill pipe 656. And thenlowered into the sea. If required, additional lengths of drill pipes656′; 656″; 656′″; etc. may be affixed to the existing drill pipe 656;one after the other; to extend total pipe length until it reaches thefixed anchoring drill pipe 651. Drill pipes 655 and 656 may be rotatedby means of turntable 658 borne by mechanical arms and hydraulic jacks657. The direction of rotation may be used to tighten or loosen specificjoints as desired; and as per design configuration. In particular themake-up of coupling joints 651 f and 655 m; and then the detachment ofcoupling joints 655 f and 656 m; during installation of apparatus 620 d.And during demobilization or removal of apparatus 620 d; the make-up ofcoupling joints 655 f and 656 m; and the detachment of coupling joints655 m and 651 f.

FIG. 3G illustrates details of a subsea foundation 660 used to securelyaffix the anchoring drill pipe 651 in position. By means of a techniqueused in the oil and gas industry; modified for provision of a subseaanchoring apparatus 660 for the production of ocean renewable energies;not for production of oil and gas. A foundation hole 566 ax may bedrilled into the bedrocks of seabed 537 ax in a preferred location bymeans of standard drill bits. The bottom portion of the hole 566 ax maybe purposely made larger than the top portion. A modified drill pipe 651configured with a multitude of spring-loaded hinged appendages 661 maybe inserted into the drilled hole 566 ax. The self-folding andself-extending spring loaded appendages 661 may be configured to bendaft (towards the rear; backwards) when drill pipe 651 is inserted intohole 566 ax. At the bottom portion of the hole 566 ax which is largerthan the top portion; the spring-loaded appendages 661 extended outwardshorizontally. Those appendages 661 located at the narrower top portionof hole 566 ax extended outward against the wall of hole 566 ax;pointing backwards towards the top of hole 566 ax. Such that once it isinserted drill pipe 651 remains stuck inside the hole 566 ax. It cannotbe retrieved. The drill pipe 651 and hole 566 ax may then be cemented inplace by means of concrete slurry 663 pumped through an internal borehole 662 in the middle of drill pipe 651. Concrete slurry 663 exitedbore hole 662 by means of bottom perforation 662 b; filling up theentire cavity 566 ax; displacing sea water. Excess concrete spilling outof hole 566 ax formed a concrete mound 663 at the neck of pipe 651 onseabed 537 ax. The structure is left to harden and cure. Thus forming anartificial man-made subsea concrete 663 plug 564 ax inside hole 566 axwith embedded pipe 651 securely anchored into the bed rocks 537 ax ofthe seabed. Such modified techniques may also be adapted and used tocreate embedded artificial plugs 564 ax inside any naturally occurringcavities in the seabed 537 ax or seamounts 555 ax. Similarly a pluralityof piles 562 ax and pillars 545 ax fitted with appendages 661 may alsobe inserted into drilled holes 566 ax and cemented into position. Piles562 ax may also be driven into the seabed 537 ax by conventional means.

FIG. 3H to FIG. 3J illustrates a variant split unit energy conversionsystem 670; a variant version of system 575 ax and system 600 ax (ReferFIG. 7D; FIG. 7G; of pending parent application Ser. No. 15/630,670.FIG. 3H shows the side view of the aft portion of a split unit energyconversion system 670; a large airbag 30 ax configured with twin rows ofvariant ducted turbines 472 ax (with turbines only; no generatingelements) in an over-under (upper-lower) arrangement. FIG. 3Iillustrates the plan view of FIG. 3H showing windbag 30 ax with amultitude of ducted 615 turbines 472 ax mounted aft. While FIG. 3Jillustrates the rear view of said arrangement of ducted 615 turbines 472ax. The plurality of ducted 615 turbines 472 ax may be attached to thestructural body 99 ax by means of twin C-clamps 665. The split unitgeneration system 670 (similar to FIG. 1G) may constitute four mainsections: (a) wind-velocity concentration section; (b) energy extractionsection; (c) torque transmission section; and (d) electrical energygeneration section. Wherein, said respective sections may comprise of:(a) windbag 30 ax with large inlet port 25 ax and constricted funnel 671located aft; (b) ducted 615 turbines 472 ax section (drive unit); (c)transmission gearbox 583 ax and extended torque transmission shafts 595ax section; and (d) surface based generation 590 ax section (drivenunit). Kinetic energy of the wind current is converted into mechanicalenergy by the turbines 472 ax. The mechanical energy generated by theturbines 472 ax may be transmitted by means of transmission gear boxes583 ax; and long extended shafts 595 ax; 692 to generators 590 ax on thesurface/or ground. Extended shafts 595 ax may also be connected with acouple of joints of universal couplings 666 at each end enablingflexible and pliable transmission of angular torque. Rotating shaft 595ax may be protected by an external cover 592 ax. For support extendedshafts 595 ax covered by casing 592 ax may be configured next to; ornear to the mechanical hydraulic jacks 619 on which ducted 615 turbines472 ax may be mounted. The self-propelled generator 590 ax may bemotorized 668 with wheels 669 for mobility.

The aft section of windbag 30 aa may be configured with a plurality ofwildlife escape hatches 680. Sub-system 680 may comprise of:reinforcement funnel 671; a safety net 573 ax or cage 573 ax to screen,divert and channel wildlife; through a plurality of wildlife escapehatches 680. Reinforcement funnel 671 helps prevent caving in orcollapse of bag fabrics due to the pressure difference created by theventuri effect. At the aft section in particular; high velocity flow offluid (low pressure) inside the windbag; contrasts with low velocityflow (high pressure) ambient atmosphere outside the bag. This may causebag fabrics to cave inwards. Safety net 573 ax; or cage 573 ax may bemounted on and supported by a plurality of struts 672 and truss 672attached to funnel 671; and central body 99 ax; 201 ax structure.Wildlife escape hatches 680 may be mounted on the sides of funnel 671which provides a solid frame for the apparatus to operate. The angularV-shaped configuration of the safety cage 573 ax ensures any wildlifee.g. a bird; a fish; entering the bag is swept to the sides of thebagged system by the wind or tidal current. Where a motionsensing-detection system 673 upon sensing the presence of said bird;fish; triggered activation of mechanism 674 controlling the operation ofsliding trap door 675. Thus exposing the escape hatch 680 allowing saidbird; or fish to exit. Such a system cum apparatus 680 avoids injuringor killing wildlife; and at the same time, avoids unnecessary down timedue to damaged turbine blades 472 ax caused by “biologics-strike”comprising: bird strikes and/or fish strikes. Damages may also be causedby debris; plastics; etc.

Such a split unit energy conversion system 670; or split unit generationsystem 670 (drive unit; torque transmission unit; driven unit) mayentail some loss of energy during the total energy conversion process.This system is in contrast with an integrated turbine-generator unitwith nacelles 611; 611 a; 611 b. Wherein, extraction of the kineticenergies of offshore wind and tidal currents and their directconversion; from kinetic energy into mechanical energy; and then intoelectrical energy; may be carried out in one step by a single apparatus;instantaneously; as illustrated by apparatus 611; 617 (refer FIG. 1A toFIG. 1C). This is the most efficient system configuration and is widelyused worldwide at present. But very expensive. However in the split unitenergy conversion system of present invention; this minor loss of energyand efficiency; may be more than offset by the advantages gained. Assurface based systems are inherently much more: easier to design;cheaper to manufacture; components and equipment configured may be heavyduty, bulkier and more durable; easier to access, maintain and repair.With relocation of the heavy, yet extremely delicate electricalgeneration components (driven units) to the surface; the lighter(kinetic to mechanical energy) conversion components (drive units)comprising: turbines 472 ax; flexibly extended shafts 595 ax; 692;transmission gear boxes 583 ax; universal couplings 666; that are left:(a) high up in the air (supported by apparatus 618; 619;); and (b) deepdown in the sea and ocean; entails a much lighter load to support. Thuswith a simple modification the same infrastructure may be used to enablethe deployment of turbines with larger blades; and energy conversiondevices with much larger surface areas, volumes, etc. Thus compensatingfor the small energy loss incurred; restoring productivity; efficiencyof the split unit energy conversion system; at par with direct energyconversion system using integrated turbine-generation units 611; 617.But with the renewable energy conversion plant built at a cheaper cost;more heavy-duty and durable; easier to maintain and repair. Howeverdirect energy conversion systems had its advantages; units 611; 617 maybe used to complement the system whenever desired.

FIG. 3K to FIG. 3L illustrates a submerged underwater generation system690; an integrated modular ducted 615 turbine-generator 611 withnacelle; combined with a variant submerged self-regulating ballast tank578 ax. Enabling turbine-generator 611 to be buoyancy neutral. The wallsof tank 578 ax acts as a duct 615; hood 615; or housing 615; making theturbine-generator system 611 a confined space for the extraction anddirect conversion of kinetic energy of tidal stream; to mechanicalenergy; and electrical energy. FIG. 3K illustrates the sectional sideview; while FIG. 3L illustrates the sectional rear view 3L-3L of ballasttank 578 ax and turbine generator 611. The upper portion (cavity 676) ofthe tank 578 ax may be filled up with air 683 while the bottom portioncontains water 681. The apparatus may be supported by line 295 ax;underwater cable 457 ax secured to surface buoy mooring 508 ax. Buoyancymay be maintained by means of automated sub-system 686; enablingballasting and de-ballasting of the cavity 676. Ballasting may be doneby bleeding off excess air; and allowing water to enter to flood thecavity 676. While de-ballasting may be done by topping up air from anair cylinder 203 ax; and expelling ballast water 681 from the cavity676. Buoyancy of the apparatus being automatically maintained by meansof an artificial intelligence (AI) computerized module 677; air lines204 ax; compressed air cylinder 203 ax; and twin sets of 3-way valves678; 679.

Ballast water may be controlled by 3-way valve 678; while pressurizedair may be controlled by 3-way valve 679; by means of control signalsfrom computerized module 677. To increase buoyancy and reduce ballast:water control valve 678 opens its bleeder port 678 e to dispel water 681from cavity 676 via tubing 682. At the same time air control valve 679opens its air supply port 679 s to pressurize cavity 676. Air 683 fromcylinder 203 ax enters cavity 676 from valve 679 s via tubing 684;displacing water via port 678 e. To reduce buoyancy and increaseballast: the reverse is true. Valve 678 opens its supply port 678 s totake in ballast water 681; while valve 679 opens its bleeder port 679 eto expel air 683 from cavity 676. Water enters cavity 676 via valve 678s; tubing 682. Air 683 exits via tubing 684 valve 679 e.

The turbine-generator 471 ax and shaft 475 ax may be kept in position bymeans of supporting struts 685. Such a system may impose minimum weight,stress and strain on the surface buoy. The generation elementscomprising: rotor magnets 476 ax and rotor wire coils 474 ax mounted atthe central shaft 475 ax may be configured to be counter-rotational.Wherein, the center turbine 471 bax may be configured to rotate againstthe fore turbine 471 aax and aft turbine 471 cax.

FIG. 3M illustrates the sectional view of a helically shaped screwturbine 613 which may be used in the apparatus 611 a of FIG. 1A. Thescrew turbine may have the electricity generation elements comprisingmagnet rings 476 ax; wire coils 474 ax located on the casing surroundingthe turbine; instead of at the center as most turbines may beconfigured. Since the helically shaped screw turbine may be configuredsecurely affixed to the peripheral casing 667 integrated with magnetring 476 ax; said apparatus does not require a central shaft; butinstead comprises entirely of a long length of twisted-turningimpeller-turbine blades 613.

FIG. 4A to FIG. 4I illustrates a variant Split Unit Energy ConversionSystem 700; derived from the: (a) “Distributed System for Extraction ofEnergies from high altitude wind currents and deep sea ocean currents600 ax”; (b) transmission of extracted energies into an; (c) “utilityscale Centralized Power Generation Plant 585; and counter-rotationalgeneration system 590 d; and 590 h” (refer: FIG. 7A to FIG. 7H; U.S.Ser. No. 15/630,670). These prior art disclosures may be adapted for usein a variant system 700 for harvesting ocean renewable energiescomprising: tidal energies and/or offshore wind energies for conversioninto electrical energies. Wherein said variant apparatus 700 derivedfrom system 600 ax and counter-rotating generation system 590 ax maycomprise of: (a) conversion of the kinetic energies of tidal currentstream into mechanical energies by means of a multitude of distributedmarine turbines 472 ax (configured without individual nacelles) mountedon the external body 701; (b) transmission of said mechanical energiesby means of a torque transmission system 687 comprising of: flexiblyconfigured shafts 475 ax; gear boxes 583 ax; torque transmission shafts691; extended torque transmission shafts 692; wire-coil transmissiongear-wheels 693; gear 694; magnet transmission gear-wheels 695; gear696; bearings boxes 586 ax; universal couplings 666; and other forms ofmechanical parts and fittings; to an (c) utility scale Centralized PowerGeneration Plant 585 ax; 590 ax (a counter-rotating electricalgenerator) housed inside said turbine-generator body structure 701. Thetransmission shafts 691 may also comprise of or may be replaced by:chains and sprockets; belts and pulley wheels; normally used formechanical torque transmission in industrial machines. Such transmittedmechanical energies may also comprise of wind power generated torquefrom a plurality of wind turbines 472 ax configured (without individualnacelles) for transmission of mechanical energies created into aCentralized Power Generation Plant 585 ax; or 590 ax. Whereintransmitted torques derived from both wind and tidal powered turbinesmay be channeled into a centralized counter-rotating generator 590 ax asillustrated in FIG. 5A. An advantage provided by the Distributed Systemfor Extraction of Renewable Energies 600 ax; and the derivative SplitUnit Energy Conversion Systems 700; 740; etc. of present invention.

Said split unit energy conversion system comprising: distributedrenewable energies collection cum extraction system (drive units 51 ax);torque transmission system 687; and counter-rotational generation system(driven unit 54 ax). Enables the combination; channeling; concentration;congregation of wind and tidal energies derived from: (a) multiple driveunits of one type of apparatus (from one system); (b) drive unitsderived from a myriad; diverse; different types of apparatus (frommultiple systems). Transmission of converted mechanical energies bymeans of a torque transmission system 687. Into one driven unit 585 ax;590 ax. Wherein (a) said collective energies in wind and tidal currentextracted by means of a distributed network of multiple drive units 51ax comprising: windbags 30 ax; water-bags 40 ax; drones HAV-100 ax;HUV-200 ax; HAV-400 ax; HAV-400Max; windbags 76 ax; water-bags 222 ax;horizontal axis wind turbines 472 ax; horizontal axis tidal turbines 472ax; vertical axis wind turbines 477 ax; vertical axis tidal turbines 477ax; etc. (b) may be transmitted by means of an inter-connected network687 of turbine shafts 475 ax; transmission shafts 691; extended shafts692; 595 ax; gears and gearboxes 583 ax; bearing boxes 586 ax; andstructural support 599 ax; etc. inter-linked to form a mechanical energy(torque) transmission system 687; for (c) powering a combined drivenunit 54 ax comprising counter-rotational generator 585 ax; or 590 ax.

Wherein, said generation system (driven unit 54 ax) 585 ax; 590 ax; maybe suitably configured for the conversion of concentrated mechanicalenergies transmitted from a plurality; a multitude; a myriad; anaggregation comprising: thousands of individual drive units; differenttypes of (wind and tidal powered drive units 51 ax). Said mechanicalenergy (torque) conveyed by means of a distributed network; a torquetransmission system 687. Wherein, said variety of different types ofdrive units 51 ax comprises: horizontal axis wind turbines 472 ax;horizontal axis tidal-turbines 472 ax; vertical axis wind turbines 477ax; vertical axis tidal-turbines 477 ax; drones HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax;HAV-400 ax; HAV-400Max; multiple windbags system 76 ax; multiplewater-bags system 222 ax; etc. Wherein, said torque transmission system687 comprises: (a) shafts 691; extended shafts 692; 595 ax; gear boxes583 ax; gear-wheels 693; 694; 695; 696; (b) line reels 582 ax′; 582 ax″;transmission lines 591 ax system; (c) dual line reel drums 582 ax cum588 ax with transmission lines 591 ax protected by hard cover 592 ax;(d) sprockets 738; 739 and roller chains 742 system; (e) pulleys wheels743; 744 and belts 746 system; (f) bendable universal couplings 666 usedfor flexible transmission of angular torque.

Wherein, said multitude of drive units 51 ax does not require individualnacelles 611. As the kinetic energies of wind and tidal extracted bysaid multitude of individual drive units 51 ax; and converted intomechanical torque; may be transmitted by means of torque transmissionsystem 687; and combined together into one common generation unit 585ax; 590 ax.

FIG. 4A illustrates system 700; an individual unit of split-unitturbine-generator 700 configured with a water-tight body 701 forunderwater operations. Wherein said split-unit energy conversion system700 may be configured with means comprising: (1) a distributed networkof hydro-turbine units 472 ax (drive units) spread out all over the skinof turbine-generator body 701; (2) interconnected by means of amechanical energy and/or torque transmission system 687; (3) to a drivenunit comprising centralized counter-rotating electrical generator 585ax; 590 ax housed inside said body 701. Wherein, the kinetic energiesextracted from tidal current (kinetic to mechanical energy conversion)by means of multiple drive units (e.g. 100; 500; 1,000 units of marinehydro-turbines 472 ax); may be transmitted; to power one single drivenunit (generator 590 ax) for conversion into electricity. The structuralbody 701 of split unit turbine-generator 700 may be moored to surfacebuoys 508 ax; ballast tanks 578 ax; pontoons 734; surface ships 659; bymeans of mooring lines 512 ax; and anchored to the seabed 537 ax bymeans of anchoring lines 295 ax. Electrical power transmission lines 457ax routes generated power from the power off-take point 688; to thesurface based sub-stations 622; transformers 622; rectifiers 622;hydrogen electrolyzer plants 509 ax. FIG. 4B illustrates thecross-sectional and perspective view 4B-4B of system 700 wherein onespecific body 701 section may be configured with four units of largehydro-turbines 472 ax. FIG. 4C illustrates a variant configuration ofFIG. 4B wherein said turbine-generator body 701 may be configured witheight smaller units of hydro-turbines 472 ax on one specific section ofits body 701. Any number of marine turbine units 472 ax: 4, 6, 8, 10,12, etc. may be arranged on one section of body 701. Wherein, dependentupon the configured length of said turbine-generator's body 701 (andthat of the central generator 585 ax); for example: 100 meters; 500meters; 1 km; 2 km; etc. The total number of tidal turbines 472 axconfigured may be: 100 units; 500 units; 1,000 units; 2,000 units; etc.All said drive units linked to; powering one central generation (driven)unit 585 ax; 590 ax. Or, for practicable purposes such as torquetransmission; said generation unit 585 ax may be sub-divided into a fewsections: 585 ax′; 585 ax″; 585 ax′″; etc. For example: 100 or 200turbine 472 ax units may be assigned to drive one section 585 ax′ ofgeneration unit 585 ax. Likewise, for example: if one extended shaft 692is configured to transmit the mechanical torque from units of turbines472 ax. The combined energies from 100 turbines concentrated in 10extended shafts 692 may be used to power one section 585 ax′ ofgeneration unit 585 ax. Five units of shafts 692 may be configured topower the rotor magnets 476 ax clockwise; the other 5 units of shafts692 configured to power the rotor coils 474 ax anti-clockwise. If eachhydro-turbine unit 472 ax is configured to produce, for example: onemegawatts of rated power. Said turbine-generator 700 may be configuredto produce: 100 MW; 500 MW; 1,000 MW; 2,000 MW; etc. Wherein, an arraycomprising a multitude of such turbine-generators 700 configured in anocean renewable energies farm 710 of FIG. 4D; and FIG. 5J to FIG. 5L maybe designed to produce multiple Gigawatts of power for provisioningcities; island states; nations; etc. A combined seaborne: wind; tidal(water current); solar; energies production complex 300 ax; cumprocessing plant for conversion of renewable energies to cleanelectricity; or optionally, into a clean energy carrier, hydrogen. Anocean renewable energies ecosystem 300 ax configured for 100%renewables.

Engaging with the tidal current, marine hydro-turbines 472 ax transformsthe tidal stream's inherent kinetic energy into mechanical energy. Thismechanical energy is in turn transmitted by means of a torquetransmission system 687 comprising a plurality of: (externally located)turbine shafts 475 ax; torque transmission gear-boxes 583 ax insidehousing 473 ax; drive shafts 691 inside housing 592 ax; to (internallylocated) gear-boxes 583 ax; long extended shafts 692; gears 694; 696;gear-wheels 693; 695; supported by bearing boxes 586 ax; directlyengaged with the generating elements 474 ax; 476 ax of central generator590 ax. Turbine-generator module 700 may be configured with a very longcentralized generator 585 ax; or 590 ax located in the middle of itsbody 701; running its entire body length; from bow to stern; from foreto aft; for example: 100 meters; 500 meters; 1 km; 2 km; etc. Generatingelements comprising: rotor wire-coils 474 ax; rotor magnets 476 ax; maybe configured to rotate in opposite directions to each other. Both therotor wire-coils 474 ax and rotor magnets 476 ax may be configured tointeract; and be directly engaged with the torque transmission systemcomprising: shafts 691; gear boxes 583 ax; gear-wheels 693; 695; etc.Said gears; gear-wheels and gearbox 693; 694; 695; 696; 583 ax; etc. mayalso comprise of: step-up and/or step-down gear-shifts cum transmissionmechanisms; configurably responsive to external tidal stream conditions.Optionally shaft 691 protected by housing 592 ax may be configuredflexibly attached to body 701; wherein, said shaft 691 (slotted in orout) may be affixed to or detached from the (pre-configured connectionsuch as flanges) short mounting stubs 698 on body 701 by means of twin“C-C” clamps 665.

The rotor wire-coils 474 ax may be driven by means of gear-wheels 693;which engages with gear 694; borne by extended shaft 692 which transmitsthe torque from multiple drive units 472 ax. The rotor magnets 476 ax(located in the middle of generator 590 ax) may be driven by means ofgear-wheels 695; which engages with gear 696; at the fore and aft (frontand back ends) of generator 590 ax. Structurally the rotor wire-coil 474ax of the long generator 590 ax; extending from bow to stern; may beconfigured for provision of suitable access space 697 enablinggear-wheel 695 attached to rotor magnets 476 ax to engage with torquetransmission gear-wheel 696. Wherein rotor wire-coil 474 ax may bedivided into a couple of sub-sections. Thus enabling said gear-wheel695; attached to rotor magnets 476 ax to project beyond the externaldiameter of the rotor wire-coils 474 ax (generator body); thus engagingwith gear-wheel 696 borne by the extended shaft 692 which transmits thetorque from drive units 472 ax. Optionally gear-wheel 696 may projectinto gap 697 to engage with gear-wheel 695. Such an arrangement enablesthe configuration of individual generation elements comprising: rotorwire-coils 474 ax; and rotor magnets 476 ax to revolve; or rotateopposite to each other. Wherein, motive velocities of thecounter-rotating generation elements relative to each other may bedoubled. Such a structural configuration may be transformed intoimproved productivity and efficiency. Variant generation system 777 ofFIG. 6F may also be adapted for use.

Fifty percent (50%) of the total drive units comprising marine-turbines472 ax may be configured linked up to drive the external rotorwire-coils 474 ax; while the other half of the hydro-turbines 472 ax maybe configured engaged with, to power the internally located rotormagnets 476 ax; wherein both the external and internal generationmechanisms may be driven by said torque transmission system; and mayconfigurably be rotated in a direction opposite to each other. Such acounter-rotating generator 585 ax; 590 ax securely mounted insideturbine-generator body 701; driven by a distributed network comprisinghundreds of drive units 472 ax spread out all over the external skin/orbody 701 of turbine-generator 700; interconnected by means of a torquetransmission system; said combined energies channeled into said singlegenerator 590 ax. May provide a more cost-effective means of generationthan the present system of incorporating expensive individual nacellesfor each and every hydro-turbine 471 ax. Even though integrated directdrive cum conversion apparatus 471 ax serves their purpose well. It maybe cheaper to design and easier to construct one single generator body701 containing; in this case, a very long generator 585 ax; 590 ax. Saidbody 701 housing generator 585 ax; 590 ax configured with water-tightseals; water-proofed; leak-resistant; in particular interconnectingjoints; points where the plurality of transmission shafts 691 entershousing body 701. Other externally located equipment and fittingscomprising: turbines 472 ax; shafts 475 ax; gear-boxes 583 ax; housing473 ax; transmission shafts 691; casing 592 ax; etc. may also be sealedand water proofed. Optionally, they may not require any water proofingif the components are; configurably made of compatible materialstolerant of sea water such as: ceramics; composites; plasticizedcomponents. And if practicable all of these externally located energyconversion components may be designed and configured to use thesurrounding sea water as a lubricant and coolant. Wherein free flowingsea water; or pumped sea water may be used in these components forlubrication; and as a cooling medium. Such a sea-water based coolingsystem may comprise of: a plurality of cooling fins 699 installed insidebody 701; a pressurized piped 702 distribution system supplied by apump; providing cooling for the centralized generation system insidebody 701. Said pressurized sea water may also be piped to lubricatemoving joints; gears; etc. The portion of shaft 691 at the point ofconnection to/with the body 701 requires sealing; leak proofing andconfigured to be water tight; including the whole turbines-generatorbody 701. Such a concept differs from the current practice ofconfiguring integrated direct drive turbine-generator units in whicheach and every individual nacelle requires leak-proof; water-tightconstruction; leading to high production costs.

Optionally, turbine-generator body 701 may be positively pressurizedwith air; nitrogen or CO2 gas; and the internal pressure remotelymonitored; equipped with low pressure alarms. Compressed air cylinders;air-lines 638 extending from surface buoys 508 ax and ballast vessels509 ax to an air operated pump 637 located inside body 701; may also beconfigured for automated topping-up purposes. Such a design ensures awater-tight seal of the entire body 701. In case a leak develop, airwill leak out from the body 701; not water entering into body 701.Control surfaces comprising hydroplanes 205 ax; 207 ax; 208 ax; may beconfigured on the external of body 701 for body balancing and control.Internal body 701 space including empty space 689 located fore and aftmay provide some buoyancy. However due to the mass; quantity and heavyweight of hundreds; or thousands of tidal turbines 472 ax it iscarrying, body 701 may not have sufficient buoyancy to stay in positionunderwater. External ballast tanks 578 ax with automated artificialintelligence (AI) 677 buoyancy control sub-system 686 may be used toachieve neutral buoyancy enabling body 701 to stay suspended in arelatively stable position in the water. Floatation collar bags 714 maybe affixed fore and aft of body 701; inflated to provide additionalbuoyancy; or deflated as and when required by means of: UUV-230 ax;UUTV-230 ax; submersible boats 220 ax; PSV-220 ax; equipped with roboticappendages 522; air cylinders 203 ax; etc.

Optionally, if deemed desirable and advantageous, the drive componentsfor said above energy conversion system 700 may also be configured withstandard units of integrated direct-drive turbine-generation withnacelles 611; 471 ax (refer FIG. 4A U.S. Ser. No. 15/630,670) widelyused in the marine renewable energy (wind and tidal current) extractionindustry currently. Standard rotor-stator generators may also be used inlieu of centralized counter-rotating generators 585 ax; 590 ax mountedinside body 701.

Surface based supporting components of system 700 may comprise: boats659; ships 741; outriggers 747; pontoons 734; buoys 508 ax and ballasttanks 578 ax; with automated ballast control systems 686; secured toseabed 537 ax by means of mooring lines 295 ax; buoy 508 ax mountedreels 52 ax bearing transmission lines 457 ax and mooring lines 295 ax;connected to turbine-generator body 700; sensitive and delicateelectrical components such as rectifiers 622; transformers 622;sub-station 622; and hydrogen electrolyzer plants 509 ax securely housedin buildings mounted on floating ballast vessels 578 ax; solar panels579 ax on roof-tops. Including split unit wind turbine systemcomprising: turbines 472 ax; gearbox 583 ax; mounted on vertical pillars469 ax; with extended shaft 595 ax; generator 54 ax. Or, optionally saidturbines 472 ax; gearbox 583 ax; may be mounted on extended hydraulicbooms 619; with extended shaft 595 ax; generator 54 ax. Other apparatusmay comprise: integrated direct drive vertical-axis wind turbines 477vax units supported by vertically disposed pillars 618; or standardvertical-axis wind turbines 477 ax units. A hydrogen plant comprising:electrolyzer modules 509 ax; hydrogen-ammonia storage tanks 704; piping;pump; etc. may be built on a floating surface platform interconnected bymeans of beams 652; floor structure 715; gratings 703; etc. Hydrogenproduced by the floating plant may be absorbed into liquid ammonia andstored in tanks 704. Liquid ammonia had a very high compatibility andaffinity for absorbing hydrogen; and may be used as a carrier. Wherein,said liquid ammonia carrier may be handled, pumped, transferred inpipes; between storage tanks; tankers; terminals; end-user points; etc.by means of an existing global infrastructure used in handling ammonia.Reconversion from said carrier by means of metal membranes (CSIROdeveloped technology) into hydrogen gas may be carried out at theend-user points; and processed for sale to customers; etc. Underwatercomponents may comprise powerful variants of drones UUTV-230 ax; mannedpersonal submersible vehicles PSV-220 ax for patrol-checking;monitoring; working as submersible tug-boats; pilots; towing,maneuvering turbine-generator 700 into desired positions. Customizedmother ships 730 for servicing and repair of system 700 may comprise ofvessels with a catamaran hull structure; wherein, said apparatus 700 maybe suitably and safely brought into dry dock repair conditions by meansof customized equipment that only a twin hulled vessel may be wellsuited to provide.

Split unit turbines-generator system 700 may be configured as anindependent unit, or integrated into an energy extraction farmenvironment 710. Means of propulsion may comprise: a plurality ofunmanned underwater tug vehicles UUTVs-230 ax; or manned personalsubmersible vehicles PSV-220 ax; manned submersible boats 220 ax;flexibly attached to a plurality of traction apparatus 705; tractionpoles 705; adapted with customized traction pads 706; used mainly forlinear maneuvering and side-ways movement and fine tuning of body 701position. Flexibly attached to designated traction pads 706, a pluralityof UUTV-230 ax may also be used as submersible tugs for navigation ofturbine-generator 700. UUTV-230 ax may be detached once theturbines-generator 700 had been anchored by means of mooring lines 512ax; 295 ax; hooked gripping apparatus 711; hydraulic clamping apparatus712. Control surfaces and hydroplanes 205 ax; 206 ax; 207 ax; 208 ax;may be used to align body 701 with the tidal current flow. As and whenrequired collar ring airbags cum floats 714 may be flexibly attached tothe fore and aft body portions of turbines-generator 700 by means of:submersible boats 220 ax; UUTV-230 ax; PSV-220 ax; mounted with roboticarms 522 ax; or robotic appendages 522 ax. Apparatus 714 inflated bymeans of compressed air from cylinders 203 ax; provides additionalbuoyancy for lifting the body 701 to the surface. The buoyancy ofexternal ballast tanks 578 ax may also be adjusted and maximized.

FIG. 4B illustrates details of Section 4B-4B configured with four largeturbines 472 ax; gearbox 583 ax; mounted on shafts 691 in housing 592ax. FIG. 4C illustrates a variant configuration of FIG. 4B wherein eightsmaller turbines 472 ax may be configured on the skin ofturbines-generator body 701. The circle 707 around turbine 472 axindicates the turbine blades swept area. Shaft 691 connects the externalturbine unit 472 ax to the internally located shafts 692; transmissiongearboxes 583 ax and other torque transmission mechanisms 693; 694; 695;696; kept housed inside the water-tight body 701. Generating componentscomprising: rotor wire coils 474 ax surrounding a central shaft 581 axintegrated with rotor magnet core 476 ax; lubrication system; coolingsystem 699; 702; and other auxiliary equipment are housed inside sealedbody 701. Generator 585 ax; or 590 ax may be configured running theentire length of the tidal; marine-hydro-turbine-generator 700; whereinsaid body 701 may be configured anywhere from: 100 m to 1 km long;bristling with 1,000 to 2,000 units of marine tidal turbines 472 ax. Forthe purpose of torque transmission, the long generator 590 ax (runningthe entire length of body 701 from fore to aft) may be configured with afew sub-sections. Each individual sub-section of generator 590 ax may beconfigured to be driven; powered by 100 units; 200 units; etc. of marineturbines 472 ax. External body 701 may be configured with a plurality oftraction poles 705 providing docking ports 706 for drones UUTV-230 ax topilot and navigate apparatus 700. UUV-220 ax or PSV-220 aax may also beused alongside UUTV-230 ax. External ballast tank or vessel 578 axflexibly mounted onto traction pole 705 may be adjusted to attainneutral buoyancy for system 700; enabling it to remain suspended atvarious depths in the water column. Automated buoyancy controlsub-system 686 disclosed in FIG. 3K to FIG. 3L; by means of acomputerized artificial intelligence (AI) module 677 may be used formaintaining the neutral buoyancy of turbine-generator 700.

FIG. 4D and FIG. 4E illustrates a farm configuration wherein a multitudecomprising hundreds of turbine-generators 700 may be configured;systematically deployed; and securely anchored in an ocean renewableenergy extraction plant 710; an energy conversion farm 710; or an energygeneration park 710. Forming another component of Renewable EnergiesConversion Complex 300 ax. FIG. 4D illustrates the side view; while FIG.4E illustrates a plan view of ocean energy conversion plant 710 (whereinconcrete flooring 715 may be assumed to be transparent). A plannedarray, an ocean renewable energies conversion complex 710; stretchingkilometers square in area; covering kilometers cube in volume. Wherein,rows upon rows; layers upon layers; a multitude comprising hundreds; orthousands of turbine-generator units 700 may be arranged horizontally;and stacked one on top of another in the vertical water column; risingfrom the seabed 537 ax to the sea surface 621. Each unit optimallyspaced from the adjacent neighboring unit. Systematically harvesting;harnessing; extracting tidal stream energies of the ocean; includingoffshore wind and solar; for conversion into multi-Giga-watts of usefulenergies for human consumption.

Ocean energy conversion plant 710 may be configured with a plurality oflarge customized heavy-duty pillars 708; or columns 708; affixedsecurely into the seabed 537 ax by means of deep-sea piles 562 ax;drilling pipes 651; and reinforced concrete slabs 653. Speciallyconfigured for use in the plant 710; pillars 708 and columns 708 may beadapted with slots 709; for installing: (a) mooring lines 512 ax; pulleywheels 629; roller wheels 629; motorized 639 winch powered line reels 52ax; (b) hooked gripping apparatus 711; and (c) a plurality of hydraulicclamps 712 for gripping tightly onto body 701. A plurality of reinforcedconcrete floor 715; or levels 715 built atop said plurality of columns708 may be used for mounting supporting equipment. Turbine-generator 700may be parked in its designated slot 709 by means of such apparatus 711;712; released to surface for servicing and repair works; andre-installation back into its designated slot without interfering in theoperation of any other neighboring unit in the plant.

FIG. 4F illustrates a sectional side view; while FIG. 4G illustrates aperspective view of FIG. 4F showing the working mechanisms of anchoringapparatus 711. Sub-system 711 may be securely affixed into customizedslots 709 configured into main pillars 708. Slots 709 may be configuredto accommodate a mooring line 512 ax held securely in reel drum 52 axmounted on the reinforced concrete floor 715 above. Passing through aplurality of motorized winch 639; pulley wheels 629; pulley roller-bars629; line 512 ax may be attached to nose-ring 716 on the fore nose-coneof turbine-generator body 701. Apparatus 711 may be configured with aplurality of gripping hooks 717. Gripping hooks 717 may be flexibly andsecurely attached to collar ring 718 configured on the neck ofturbine-generator body 701; or opened up to release its grip. Grippinghooks 717 may be mounted in pneumatic or hydraulic operated holders 720.Optionally, gripping hooks 717 may be mounted in like hydraulic holders720 residing inside of the main body 721. Said holders 720 configuredwith traction pads 719 at its points of contact with body 701; may beconfigured to operate; extending from and retracting back into thestructural mounting body 721 of apparatus 711. Holders 720 may also beconfigured to move the plurality of grippers 717 outwards, towards theperiphery; or moving them inward, towards the center. Thus “opening”and/or “closing” its gaping “mouth”. Opening them up to enable grippingof collar ring 718; or for release from collar ring 718. Closing them inorder to grasp; gripping tightly onto collar ring 718; holding body 701in place. Grippers 717 may also be extended (longer) or retracted back(shorter) into holder 720. Said plurality of holders 720; grippers 717;and mooring line 512 moved by motorized winch 639 of line reel 52 ax maybe configured operably working in tandem with each other. Said oceanrenewable energy conversion plant may be remotely controlled; monitored;coordinated; by means of: cameras; active and passive sensors; etc.Active use of aerial and underwater drones: UUV-230 ax; manned PSV-230;etc. Providing instantaneous; interactive control of plant process andequipment.

For docking of turbine-generator unit 700 into assigned slots 709 ofcolumns 708 the following sequence of maneuvers may be executed. Holders720 may be operated to open up fully (larger gap between traction pads719); grippers 717 fully open, extended outward. Mooring line 512 pulledtaunt by motorized winch 639 of line reel 52 ax; may be pulled to moveslightly towards holders 720. Grippers 717 may be moved into closedposition; extending beyond the ring 718; touching the skin of body 701.The length of the gripping hooks 717 may then be adjusted; its lengthmay be firstly minimized; and then extended to 50% of its total length;and then locked in position; gripping onto extended collar ring 718configured around the “neck” of body 701. Length of line 512 ax may beslightly released and then pulled taunt; adjusted into optimizedposition. Holders 720 may be adjusted holding the nose-cone of body 701in place. The plurality of body clamps 712 located on the fore and aftpillars 708 may then be activated to clamp tightly onto body 701.Multiple units of manned PSV-230 ax; UUTV-230 ax underwater tug vesselsattached onto docking pads 706 of traction poles 705 and used to propelturbine-generator unit 700 may now be decoupled from docking pads 706.Collar airbags 714 affixed on the fore and aft of body 701 for buoyancymay now be depressurized; detached and removed by UUTV-230 ax mountedrobotic appendages 522 ax.

For undocking of turbine-generator unit 700 from slots 709 of columns708 the following sequence of maneuvers may be executed. Collar ringedairbag 714 may be securely attached to fore and aft of body 701; airbags714 may also be affixed onto traction pole 705 by manned PSV-230 ax orUUTV-230 ax; then inflated by means of compressed air from cylinders 203ax; providing adequate buoyancy for unit 700 to float. The plurality ofbody clamps 712 may be deactivated and opened up; holders 720 opened up;mooring line 512 pulled taunt; moving the body 701 slightly forward;loosening it from the tight grip of grippers 717. Then the grippers 717may be opened up, moving outward, releasing its hold on collar ring 718;and thus body 701. Line 512 may then be controllably released bymotorized winch 639 of line reel 52 ax. Allowing turbine-generator 700to move aft naturally by means of tidal current flow. UUTV-230 ax;manned PSV-230 ax may be used for side way steering and adjustments toprevent body 701 or turbines 472 ax from coming into contact withneighboring units.

FIG. 4H illustrates a sectional view 4H-4H showing the plurality ofanchoring hooks 717 holding securely on to the extended rim of collarring 718 configured on the neck of the body 701 of turbine-generator700. FIG. 4I illustrates the working mechanisms of clamping apparatus712. Configured as an encircling clamp, a plurality of pneumatic orhydraulic operated holders 722 with clamp pads 713 may be used. Whereinsaid plurality of holders 722 with clamping pads 713, once activated;held tightly onto the external skin of turbines-generator body 701.Providing a strangle hold on turbine-generator 700. The hydraulic systemused to operate the holders 722 may reside in the body of apparatus 712.It may also be supported by equipment kept on floor 715 above. Apparatus712 for the aft; pillar 708 located at the stern of body 701; maycomprise of a standard two piece clamping apparatus operated by means oflike hydraulic mechanisms 722 and clamp pads 713. Bringing thesemi-circular bodies of the twin pieces of half-clamps together enablesthe apparatus to grip tightly onto the aft portion of body 701; whileopening up the twin pieces of half-clamps releases its hold on the aftportion of body 701.

Optionally, the bow portion of turbine-generator body 701 may bemodified as illustrated by a unit 700 nearest to the seabed 537 ax inFIG. 4D. The nose cone (next to nose ring 716) portion may beminiaturized and made much smaller; instead of being the same size asthe body 701. Similarly components of customized apparatus 711 and 712may be reconfigured to suit such a modification. In one form the nosecone may comprise of a narrow flattened arrow-head-like piece withcollar plates 718′ sticking out of both the upper and lower surfaces.Such that the anchoring apparatus need not be configured or constructedlarge. But configured to be smaller, stronger, thicker and much morerobust structurally.

Turbine-generator units 700 may also be deployed in a system of freefloating bodies 700 suspended at various depths; spread out in the oceanas illustrated in FIG. 5K to FIG. 5L; enabled by means of a network ofanchoring lines 295 ax. One end of said lines 295 ax may be anchored tothe seabed 537 ax by means of anchoring system 650 and 660; the otherend supported by means of floating surface platform comprising: ships741; catamarans 747; pontoons 734; ballast vessels 578 ax; mooring buoys508 ax. Enabling systematic extraction of tidal energies from the bottomof the water column 537 ax right up to the top 621 of the water surface.

FIG. 4J and FIG. 4K illustrates the sectional views of a customizedballast vessel 730; specially configured for on-site servicing and minorrepairs of underwater turbine-generators 700 in dry docks condition.Ballast vessel 730 may be configured with a split body structurecomprising an integrated catamaran-crane-ballast vessel with ballasttanks 723; 724; 725; at the fore portion to submerge/or float asrequired. While the aft portion comprises a (static and fixed) ship'sbody. Wherein said fore and aft joining point may be configured with aplurality of vertically disposed I-beams; and C-shaped outer sleeves.Upon which said flexibly connected fore portion may slide up and downsaid I-beams; by means of C-shaped outer sliding sleeves mounted ontosaid I-beams; as it operably submerges underwater; or float buoyantly asconfigured. Wherein the fore catamaran's body portion may be configuredto operate independently of the ship's body. The fore portion may beheld together by means of a plurality of pneumatic or hydraulic jacksand booms 619; and overhead cranes 727; attached to structural frame728. Jacks and booms 619 may be lowered (FIG. 4J) to open up the front“inlet port” engulfing apparatus 700; or raised (FIG. 4K) to constrictsaid inlet port; extended or collapsed to lift or lower the load. Suchthat said catamaran's body may be operably submerged underwater; tocapture the semi-submerged turbine-generator 700 with its body; secureapparatus 700 by means of restraining bars and hydraulic arms 729;constricting its twin catamaran (723; 724; 725) bodies like a pair ofgiant pincers; grasping and holding onto apparatus 700. Engulfing;embracing the whole apparatus 700 with its ballast body. Apparatus 700may then be lifted upwards by means of a plurality of lifting cables 731(fore; middle; aft sections of apparatus 700) attached to lifting lugs732; motorized 733 overhead cranes 727. At the same time, the body ofthe catamaran may be lifted upwards by means of inflating variableballast tank 724 with compressed air; creating the required buoyancy.Located at the middle portion of the catamaran's body, tank 724 may becollapsed, shrunken and constricted by deflation (FIG. 4J). It may beextended and blown up like a balloon by means of compressed air (FIG.4K). The top 723 and bottom 725 portions of ballast tanks may be fixedin shape and buoyancy. Morphing ballast tanks 724 may be made of durableand pliable materials comprising: plastics; composites; rubber;synthetics; etc. The booms 619 carrying overhead crane 727 may then, beextended upwards to lift apparatus 700 higher up; out of the water.Restraining bar and hydraulic arm 729 may be moved higher up; thensecured in position. Hydraulic jacks 619′ may be used to prop uptraction poles 705 holding apparatus 700 in a fixed position.Maintenance work may then be carried out in dry dock conditions.

FIG. 5A illustrates split unit generation system 740; a variant versionof the underwater system 700 as disclosed in FIG. 4. System 740comprises a surface based floating platform 740; integrating differentdrive units from both wind and water current: offshore wind turbines 472ax; tidal turbines 472 ax; etc. Wherein the external body and skincomprising: deck 736; hull 737; of a ship 741; may be configured with amultitude of drive units comprising: horizontal axis wind turbines 472ax; horizontal axis hydro-turbines 472 ax; vertical axis wind turbines477 ax; vertical axis hydro-turbines 477 ax; drones HAV-100 ax; HUV-200ax; HAV-400 ax; multiple windbags system 76 ax; multiple water-bagssystem 222 ax; etc. These drive units may be configured and used for theextraction, conversion and transformation of ocean renewable energiesderived from offshore wind and tidal streams (water currents). Theenergies extracted by said drive units may be transmitted by means oftorque transmission systems 687; to the generating elements 474 ax; 476ax of central generator 585 ax; 590 ax; located in the middle, at thecenter of the ship's body 741; running its entire body length; from bowto stern; from fore to aft. Said torque transmission systems 687 maycomprise: (a) turbine shafts 475 ax; 691; extended shafts 692; 595 ax;gear boxes 583 ax; gear-wheels 693; 694; 695; 696; bearing boxes 586 axand structural support 599 ax; (b) line reels 582′ax; 582″ax; andtransmission lines 591 ax system; (c) dual line-reel drums 582 ax cum588 ax with transmission lines 591 ax protected by external cover 592ax; (d) sprockets 738; 739 and roller chains 742 system; (e) pulleyswheels 743; 744 and pulley belts 746 system; (f) bendable universalcouplings 666 used for flexible transmission of angular torque; etc. Inorder to take advantage of the surface platform's (ship) uniquely largesuper-structure in terms of space; surface area and volume; additionalgeneration modules may also be configured. This may include a pluralityof like secondary generators 585 ax′; 585 ax″; located at both the portand starboard sides; as illustrated in FIG. 5B; including smallindividual driven units 55 ax.

Wherein a split unit turbine-generation system 740 may be configured inwhich: (1) the collective energies in offshore wind and tidal streamextracted by means of a distributed network of drive units comprising:(1a) a plurality; a multitude of one type of drive unit (51 ax); (1b) aplurality; a multitude of different types of drive units (51 ax) suchas: windbags 30 ax; water-bags 40 ax; horizontal axis wind and tidalturbines 472 ax; vertical axis wind and tidal turbines 472 ax; dronesHAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax; HAV-400 ax; windbags 76 ax; water-bags 222 ax;vertical axis wind turbines 477 ax; vertical axis tidal turbines 477 ax;etc. (2) may be transmitted by means of an inter-connected network ofturbine shafts 475 ax; transmission shafts 691; extended shafts 692; 595ax; gears and gearboxes 583 ax; bearing boxes 586 ax; and structuralsupport 599 ax; etc. inter-linked to form a mechanical energy (torque)transmission system 687; for (3) powering a combined driven unit (54 ax)such as 585 ax; or 590 ax. Wherein: said drive units comprising hundreds(or thousands) of individual units of (1a) one type; (1b) a variety ofdifferent types such as: wind turbines; tidal turbines; drones HAV-100ax; HUV-200 ax; HAV-400 ax; windbags 76 ax; water-bags 222 ax; etc. maybe spread out all over the exterior, extending from the skin of saidstructural body 741 of the ship into the surrounding ocean environmentin all directions; into the sky high above; into the ocean deep below;alike the tentacles of a hydra. All of the above said drive unitsconfigured for extracting the ocean renewable energies of wind andwater. And transmitting said extracted ocean renewable energies to thedriven units 585 ax; 590 ax; by means of an interconnected network oftorque transmission system 687. Said plurality of transmission system687 may comprise of: (a) shafts 475 ax; transmission shafts 691;extended shafts 692; 595 ax; gear boxes 583 ax; gear-wheels 693; 694;695; 696; (b) line reels 582′ax; 582″ax; and transmission lines 591 axsystem; (c) dual line reel drums 582 ax cum 588 ax with transmissionlines 591 ax protected by a cover 592 ax; (d) sprockets 738; 739 androller chains 742 system; (e) pulleys wheels 743; 744 and belts 746system; (f) bendable universal couplings 666 for flexible transmissionof angular torque; etc. Said driven unit 585 ax; 590 ax comprises acounter rotating generation system residing inside the belly of saidsurface platform's structural body 741 (ship). The variant horizontalaxis wind turbines used may comprise split units systems with distinctsections comprising: turbines 472 ax; torque transmission system 595 ax;gearbox 583 ax; a combined generator 585 ax; 590 ax. In one form theextended torque transmission shaft 595 ax may be kept inside the hollowcavity of the tall supporting pillar 469 ax. In another form a hydraulicor pneumatic boom 619 may be used as a supporting structure for turbineblades 472 ax; with the extended torque transmission shaft 595 ax keptinside a pliable cover 592 ax. Mechanical torque from turbine blades 472ax may be routed by means of gear box 583 ax′; extended shaft 595 ax;gearbox 583 ax″; extended shaft 692; to centralized generator 590 ax.Due to its space saving configuration and compatibility with windblowing from any direction, vertical axis turbines 477 ax (refer FIG. 4Aof U.S. Ser. No. 15/630,670) supported by pillars 618 may be preferredon the fixed decks 736 of ship body 741. Mechanical torque derived fromturbines 477 ax may be configured to power centralized generators 585ax; 590 ax; by means of extended shafts 692; gearbox 583 ax. Or,turbines 477 ax may be connected to power the secondary units 585 ax′;585 ax″ housed in the bellies of ship 741. Integrateddirect-drive-conversion, vertical axis turbines 477 vax (refer FIG. 4Iof U.S. Ser. No. 15/630,670) supported by pillars 618 which isself-generating may also be affixed on deck 736. Extended shafts 692replicates extended shaft 595 ax; except that the former is configuredas part of the turbine-generator 700 system.

Said turbine-generator system 740 comprises a split unit energiesextraction; transmission and conversion (electricity generation) systemwherein; said driven unit 585 ax; 590 ax is specially configured for;and capable of being powered (propelled; driven) by means of a multitudeof drive units comprising: (a) multiple apparatus of one type, forexample: horizontal axis tidal turbines; or (b) multiple apparatusderived from a variety; different types of drive units such as, forexample: horizontal axis wind turbines 472 ax; tidal turbines 472 ax;vertical axis wind turbines 472 ax; vertical axis tidal turbines 472 ax;windbags 30 ax; water-bags 40 ax; bagged power generation systems 76 ax;222 ax; HAV-400 ax; HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax. Said multiple drive unitsbeing actively engaged with the ambient wind and tidal currents; inextracting their energies; having a variety of different loads;velocities; tensional forces; directional orientations; etc. forconversion preferably into electricity. An amalgamation, a combinationwherein the kinetic energies of wind and tidal currents extracted bymeans of said variety of different types of drive units comprising: windturbines 472 ax; tidal turbines 472 ax; vertical axis turbines 477 ax;HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax; multiple water-bags 222 ax; multiple windbags 76ax; HAV-400 ax; etc. may be transmitted by means of a torquetransmission system to; one single driven unit. And used to power,propel (drive) said driven unit 585 ax; 590 ax. Automated step-up and/orstep-down transmission gears; gear-boxes; may be used to provide uniformtransmission speeds desirable for the seamless functioning of saidgenerators. Clutch box apparatus 587 ax (refer FIG. 7B to FIG. 7D ofU.S. Ser. No. 15/630,670) may also be suitably configured for use withthe main generation shaft 581 ax; gearboxes 583 ax; and bearing boxes586 ax. Apparatus 587 ax may also be integrated with customized gearbox583 ax into a single unit. Said split unit renewable energy conversionsystem comprising of: (1) Energy extraction (drive unit 51 ax); (2)Torque transmission means 687 (line 50 ax; shafts 595 ax; 691; 692); (3)Generation unit (driven unit 55 ax). Energy conversion being: kineticenergy; to mechanical energy; to electrical energy.

Surface platform system 740 may be configured as an exact replica ofsystem 700 as illustrated in FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C with tidal turbines 472ax. However, it may be desirable to introduce other innovative featuresin this variant disclosure. Therefore system 740 may replicate system700, with the exception of two variant configurations comprising: (1) avariety of different drive units may be used to extract wind and tidalenergies; and optionally (2) a variant configuration wherein the rotorwire-coil 474 ax of generation unit 585 ax; or 590 ax; may be dividedinto 3 sections comprising: 585 aax; 585 bax; 585 cax. Wherein theentire inner shaft 581 ax cum rotor magnet 476 ax of generator 585 axrunning from fore to aft; from bow to stern; may be configured to bewholly powered by hull 737 mounted tidal turbine units 472 ax. Whereasthe outer rotor wire-coil 474 ax of generator 585 ax may be configured;divided into 3 sections comprising: 585 aax; 585 bax; 585 cax. Theprimary (longest) section 585 bax (of the rotor wire-coils 474 ax)located in the center may be powered by the plurality of deck 736mounted wind turbine units 472 ax. While the shorter secondary sections585 aax; 585 cax of (the rotor wire-coils 474 ax) located fore and aftmay be connected to and powered by a variety of different drive unitscomprising: 30 ax; 40 ax; 76 ax; 222 ax; HAV-400 ax; HAV-100 ax; HUV-200ax; 477 ax; etc. These numerous distributed drive units may havedifferent configurations; thus producing differing torques; velocities;directional orientation; intermittent generation; etc. that necessitatestheir partial segregation from the more consistent tidal turbine units472 ax and wind turbine units 472 ax; which powered the main generatorshaft 581 ax comprising rotor magnets 476 ax; and rotor wire coils 474ax of primary section 585 bax. Thus torque transmitted from drive units30 ax; 40 ax; 76 ax; 222 ax; HAV-400 ax; HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax; 477 ax;etc. may be configured; assigned to power the rotor wire coils 474 ax ofsecondary sections 585 aax and 585 cax. Wherein the power produced fromsecondary sections 585 aax and 585 cax; may vary and differ from theamount of power produced from main section 585 bax, which may be moreconsistent. Automated transmission gears may be used to provideconsistency in torque transmission and shaft revolutions (rpm).Optionally, main generator 585 ax may be configured to be wholly poweredby wind turbines 472 ax and tidal turbines 472 ax. Wherein saidplurality of split unit sections 585 aax; 585 bax; 585 cax; may beflexibly engaged or disengaged (combined together or segregated) bymeans of clutch box system 587 ax. While torque transmitted from driveunits: 30 ax; 40 ax; 76 ax; 222 ax; HAV-400 ax; HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax;etc. may be routed to secondary generation units 585 ax′; 585 ax″; andsmall individual generator units 54 ax; located port and starboard ofproduction platform 740 as illustrated in FIG. 5B.

Alike system 700; torque derived from the multitude of drive units 472ax may be transmitted by means of system 687 comprising: flexiblyconfigured shafts 475 ax; gear boxes 583 ax; torque transmission shafts691; extended torque transmission shafts 692; 595 ax; wire-coiltransmission gear-wheels 693; gears 694; magnet transmission gear-wheels695; gears 696; bearings boxes 586 ax cum structural support 599 ax;universal couplings 666; and other forms of mechanical parts andfittings; to the combined driven units 585 ax; 590 ax. Bearing boxes 586ax; structural mountings and supports 599 ax may be used at the edges ofgenerator components such as: 585 aax; 585 bax; 585 cax.

Advantages of such a split unit configuration comprises: Energiesextracted from different sources by means of different types; and amultitude of individual drive units may be transmitted and integratedinto a centralized generation unit without affecting the functioning ofthe entire power generation system. A system flexibly and variablyconfigured to cater for; and to accommodate: (a) a plurality, amultitude of drive units of one singular type; (b) a variety ofdifferent types of drive units; distributed at various points in thesurroundings; on the land or water surface; submerged at various depthsin the ocean; disposed at various heights in the atmosphere. Harvesting,harnessing and extracting the energies of wind and tidal stream;transmitting all of their extracted energies; their combined output(mechanical torque) into one processing point: 585 ax. Wherein saidconcentrated output is absorbed by flexibly configured power generationplant 585 ax. Total power produced may vary due to variable ambientconditions.

FIG. 5B illustrates optimized usage of the large space (area; volume)provided by the surface platform 741; wherein main generator 585 axlocated in the center ran from fore to aft; from bow to stern; hundredsof meters, kilometers in length. Secondary generators 585 ax′; 585 ax″and small individual units 55 ax located port and starboard sides ofvessel 741 may also be configured for additional generation capacity.Main generator 585 ax; secondary units 585 ax′; 585 ax″ may be keptinside the ship's belly. Smaller individual units 54 ax′; 54 ax″ may belocated on deck 736.

FIG. 5C illustrates a variety of different arrangements and structuralconfiguration wherein wind turbines 472 ax and tidal turbines 472 axconfigured outside of a pontoon's body 734; on the deck 736; and hull737; may be connected with delicate; sensitive electrical generationunits 585 ax; 590 ax kept safely inside its belly; protected andshielded from the extremely rough and corrosive ocean environment. Fromleft to right: a pair of standard wind turbine 472 ax and tidal turbine472 ax may be linked together to power generation unit 585 aax; by meansof extended shafts 595 ax; 691. While a quartet of wind turbines 472 axon deck 736 may be paired with a mirror quartet of tidal turbines 472 axon the ship's hull 737 to power generation unit 585 bax. The blades ofthe 4 units of wind turbines 472 ax; as well as the 4 units of tidalturbines 472 ax may be configured to rotate in the same direction. Buttheir transmitted collective torque may be configured to power the splitunit counter-rotational generator 585 bax in opposing directions. Thequartet of wind turbines may be mounted on a common shaft 475 axsupported at both ends by twin pillars 469 ax; and configured toorientate to face the wind direction by means of a moveable turntable745 affixed on to the deck 736. Torque transmitted from the turbines bymeans of horizontal shaft 475 ax; to gearbox 583 ax; then to verticalshafts 595 ax kept inside pillars 469 ax; may be routed to powergenerator 585 bax (mounted beneath turntable 745) by means of atransmission system 687 comprising a plurality of gear-like sprockets738; 739; and roller chain 742. Optionally it may also be transmitted bymeans of a mechanism comprising a plurality of pulley wheels 743; 744;and belts 746. The quartet of tidal turbines on the hull transmitted itstorque to gearbox 583 ax; twin shafts 691; gearbox 583 ax; to generationunit 585 bax.

Located third from left; a variant pair of counter-rotating windturbines 472 ax (fore and aft) supported by twin pillars 469 ax′ mayalso be mounted on a moveable turntable 745′ affixed onto the deck 736(refer: FIG. 4H; U.S. Ser. No. 15/630,670). Transmitted torque from thecounter-rotating turbines 472 fax; 472 aax; by means of horizontalshafts 475 ax to vertically extended shafts 595 ax′ inside pillars 469ax′ may be routed by means of gearbox 583 ax; pulley-wheels 743; 744;and belts 746 system to power generator 585 cax mounted beneathturntable 745′. Or; by means of sprockets 738; 739; and roller-chains742 mechanism. A similarly configured variant pair of counter-rotatingtidal turbine unit 472 ax mounted on the hull 737 may be used to powergenerator 585 cax. Another source of electricity generation may bederived from embedded generation components comprising: wire coils 488ax and magnets 489 ax embedded into the blades of the twincounter-rotating turbines 472 fax and 472 aax. Such that when theturbine blades passes each other at high velocity and in closeproximity; current may be generated in the embedded generation elements488 ax. Located last from left, an integrated unit of multi-bladedcounter-rotating turbine-generator 490 ax (refer FIG. 4C to FIG. 4G;U.S. Ser. No. 15/630,670) may be configured on the hull 737. The foreand aft turbines 472 ax may be configured to rotate clockwise; poweringthe centrally located rotor magnet 476 ax. While the middle threeturbines 472 ax may be configured to rotate anti-clockwise; poweringperipheral rotor wire coil 474 ax located in nacelle 611.

FIG. 5D illustrates commonly used torque transmission system 687comprising: a sprockets 738; 739; and chains 742 transmission system. Itmay also be configured as, or comprise of: a widely used pulley-wheels743; 744; and belts 746 transmission system. These simple mechanismsused the world over may also be adapted for use.

FIG. 5E and FIG. 5F illustrates a variant configuration 740 v of system740 in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5B wherein a turntable platform 745 may be usedto address constraints and limitations associated with shifting winds;in the mounting of offshore horizontal axis wind turbine units. FIG. 5Eillustrates the plan view; while FIG. 5F illustrates the frontal view ofsaid variant configuration 740 v. Normally individual units ofintegrated wind turbine-generator 471 ax mounted on pillars 469 ax; orboom 619; may be configured to rotate; re-orientate their turbines 472ax and nacelles responsive to changing wind directions; by means of yawand pitch control mechanisms. This requires plentiful space around windturbine units. However, in constricted areas and limited space of afloating platform 740 v, where a plurality of wind turbine units 472 axmay be configured; turning space is a luxury that is ill afforded. Suchconstraints may be overcome by configuring said turbines in fixedpositions, rendering them incapable of “yaw” response. Instead, theentire platform 745 upon which the turbines are mounted may beconfigured to “yaw”, to be rotated; turned and shifted around like aturntable by means of mechanized systems. Stability may be enhanced bymeans of a trimaran configuration wherein the main vessel 741 may besupported by twin outriggers 747 p; 747 s; mounted port and starboardsides connected by horizontal beams 652 p; 652 s; mounted fore and aft.

A centrally mounted beam or pillar 749 on the body of ship 741 forms theaxis upon which turntable platform 745 rotates. Supported by multipleperipheral pillars 751 a to 751 f; mounted fore; aft; and on theoutriggers 747 p; 747 s. Split unit wind turbines 472 ax; extended shaft692 and a centralized generator 585 ax; 590 ax may be configured on topof platform 745. Platform 745 rests atop ball bearings 752; and rollerbars 752; configured inside “C” channel 753 securely affixed onto theplatform's bottom surface. The circular shaped “C” channel 753configured around the sides of platform 745 embraces flat plates 754configured around central pillar 749; and affixed on top of side pillars751 a to 751 f. Ball bearings and roller-bars 752 located in between thebottom C-channel rail 753 (top surface) and plates 754 (bottom surface)facilitates the turning movement of platform 745. Centralized yawcontrol system 755 which monitors and detect any changes in winddirection and conditions; may be configured to activate motors 756powered gears comprising pinions and racks mechanism to move theturntable 745; facing directly into the head wind. A multitude of tidalturbines 472 ax configured on the hull 737 of vessel 741 propelled acentralized generator 590 ax mounted inside its belly.

Portable tidal turbine units 750 borne by mechanized hydraulic orpneumatic booms 758; and/or arms 758 may be used on the outriggers 747p; 747 s; and at the sides of ship 741. The booms 758 may in turn beattached to motorized bodies 757 which supplied the pressurized mediumcomprising hydraulic fluid or compressed air required to power saidbooms 758. Motorized bodies 757 houses the hydraulic fluid reservoir andpump; or, compressor and air drums; hydraulic or pneumatic transmissionlines; etc. for powering the apparatus 750. Optionally, a centralizedsystem may be used to supply compressed air or hydraulic fluids foroperation. With body 757 used as a supporting structure; and may besecurely affixed to the decks 736 of outriggers 747 p; 747 s; ship 741.For dexterity purposes hydraulic or pneumatic driven booms and arms 758may be configured to be extended; retrieved; moved up or down;side-ways, etc. as and when required. Body 757 may be rotated from oneside to the other. Attached to the boom or arm 758 is a sliding sleeve759; which in turn holds an extendable and retrievable segmented craneboom 619. Attached to the tip of boom 619 is a tidal turbine 472 ax.Such portable tidal turbine units 750 may be used to harness additionaltidal energies. Portable tidal turbine units 750 may comprise of: (1) anintegrated turbine-generator unit with nacelle 611; or (b) a split unitconfiguration. For split unit apparatus, torque transmission mechanisms687 to a central generator may comprise: (a) shafts 691; extended shafts692; 595 ax; gear boxes 583 ax; gear-wheels 693; 695; (b) line reels 582ax′; 582 ax″; transmission lines 591 ax system; (c) dual line reel drums582 ax cum 588 ax with transmission lines 591 ax protected by hard cover592 ax; (d) sprockets 738; 739 and roller chains 742 system; (e) pulleyswheels 743; 744 and belts 746 system; universal couplings 666.

FIG. 5G illustrates an integrated counter-rotational turbine-generatorunit 471 ax wherein multiple turbines 472 ax of apparatus 750 may bedirectly used with a generator (nacelle 611) in generating power. Theunit may be borne by mechanized hydraulic or pneumatic booms 758; andarms 619 of apparatus 750. And may be used on the outriggers 747 p; 747s; at the sides of ship 741; supporting beams 652; grating 703; flooring715; and configured to form part of system 740. The unit may be splitinto three portions with the fore and aft turbines 472 ax configured todrive the shaft cum magnet 476 ax clockwise. While the turbine 472 axlocated in the middle may be used to drive the wire coils 474 axanti-clockwise. Or vice versa. Internally sealed body joints 761integrated the three portions together.

FIG. 5H and FIG. 5I illustrates an integrated hybrid surface andunderwater ocean renewable energies (ORE) generation platform 760.Wherein a combined surface platform 740; or its variant 740 v may beflexibly integrated with a plurality of underwater turbine-generatorunits 700 to form ORE system 760. The hull 737 of ship 741; or surfaceplatform 740; may be configured with a plurality of customizedunderwater attachment apparatus 762. Said extendable and retractableattachments may comprise of struts; pillars; or beams 762. Wherein aplurality of underwater turbine-generator units 700 may be flexiblyconnected to customized struts or beams 762 by means of traction poles705 and traction pads 706. Flexibly attached or anchored to the surfaceplatform 740 for support; flexibly detached whenever required. Wherein,ocean tidal energies; or marine-hydro-kinetic energies may be extractedby means of the plurality of hydro-turbines units 472 ax of system 700.Offshore wind energies may be extracted by means of wind-turbine units472 ax; 477 ax; 477 vax on the surface platform 740, or on the deck 736of ship 741. Bagged apparatus 222 ax; 76 ax; HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax;HAV-400 ax; HAV-400Max; etc. may also be used. Power generated by themultiple units of system 700 may be routed to mother-ship 740 forprocessing in rectifiers 622; transformers 622; etc. prior totransmission by underwater cable 457 ax to shore based sub-stations 622.Multiple units of ship 741; outriggers 747; pontoons 734; ballast tanks578 ax; buoys 508 ax may be interlinked by means of a floating platformgrid 703 and combined together to form surface platform 740; 760. Andmay be integrated with fixed legs 291 platforms 290; floating platformscomprising: semi-submersible platforms 292 ax; flatbed platforms 293 ax;inflatable floating bodies 294 ax; including mother ships 289 ax;factory ships 296 fax; tankers 296 tax; FPSO vessels 511 ax; forming anocean renewable energies extraction and conversion complex and ecosystem300 ax. Other equipment may comprise: customized submarine boats 220 ax;personal submersible vehicles 220 aax; UUV-230 ax; UUTV-230 ax;configured with robotic appendages 522 ax; robotic limbs 522 ax; forexecuting delicate and dexterous underwater tasks that would normallyhave been undertaken by humans. But due to hazardous conditionsimmediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH); such tasks may only beperformed by means of robotic-drones; or drone-bots.

Optionally, as illustrated at the right side of FIG. 5I; a variantconfiguration may comprise the routing of tidal energies extracted bymeans of submerged system 700 to a surface based generator 585 ax; 590ax in ship 741 for generation. Wherein tidal power extracted by means ofhydro-turbine units 472 ax may not be converted directly in body 701;but may be combined together by means of gearboxes 583 ax and extendedshafts 692 in the submerged body 701; said combined torque may betransmitted by means of a plurality of extended shafts 692′ configuredinside customized traction poles 705 cum beams 762 to generator units590 ax; 585 ax mounted in the bellies of surface platforms 740comprising ships 741; catamarans 747; buoys 508 ax; ballast tanks 578ax; etc. Wherein, extracted tidal energies from multiple units of system700 may be combined together to power one driven unit 585 ax; 590 axaboard outrigger 747. This variant is illustrated at the right side ofFIG. 5I. Such an additional torque transmission step (from 700 to 747)may entail some loss in energy during the total conversion process.However, the numerous advantages gained may far outweigh any minor loss;such as the huge costs savings related to design, engineering andproduction of surface based generation systems versus miniaturizedunderwater systems where water proofing and leak prevention ofelectrical components incurs extremely high costs at present. Otheradvantages may be related to the safety, health and security issues oflocating such delicate and sensitive electrical generation systemsunderwater. Preferably located on surface based platforms 741; 747; 508ax; 578 ax; spar buoy 607 ax; pontoons 734; etc. above water. Anytransmission loss suffered may be recouped by means of adding moreturbine units to make up. And by extending the range of the energy farm;by increasing the area; volume; renewable energy extraction space. Byventuring higher, deeper, further out. Because wind-turbines;hydro-turbines; torque transmission shafts; sea-water lubricatedgear-boxes; etc. does not cost a bomb. Water proofing; leak proofing andwater-tight sealing systems for individual nacelles 611 configured withone-step, direct energy conversion systems(kinetic-mechanical-electrical energies) comprising integratedturbine-generators 611—costs a bomb.

FIG. 5J to FIG. 5L illustrates a variant arrangement of FIG. 4A to FIG.4I and FIG. 5H to FIG. 5I; wherein said variant platform 760 v may beconfigured with an ocean surface floating platform 740 v supporting anunderwater deployment comprising a flotilla; an armada of floatingunderwater; buoyancy-neutral turbine-generators 700; suspended in thesea and ocean at various depths. Enabling extraction of tidal streamenergies across the water column; spanning the bottom seabed 537 axright up to the top water surface 621 (floating platform 740 v);covering hectares/or square kilometers in area/or cubic kilometers involume. FIG. 5J illustrates the frontal view; whereas FIG. 5Killustrates the side view of the deployment of such a submerged array ofundersea apparatus 700. FIG. 5L illustrates the attachment points 763connecting apparatus 700 to anchoring lines 295 ax. Wherein, saidsurface platform 740 v configured comprises a plurality of ships 741;catamarans 747; outriggers 747; trimarans 747; mooring buoys 508 ax;ballast tanks 578 ax; pontoons 734; etc. flexibly inter-connected bymeans of beams 652; platform gratings 703; solid structural floorings715; etc. Said underwater power generation system comprising a flotilla;an armada of floating bodies 701 wherein, thousands upon thousands ofhorizontally disposed floating turbine-generator units 700; may besuspended at various depths in the deep seas and the oceans by means ofmooring lines 295 ax. The bottom end of said mooring lines 295 ax may besecurely anchored to the seabed 537 ax by means of man-made: drillstrings 651; concrete pads 653; piles 562 ax; beams 562 ax; pillars 545ax; plugs 564 ax; etc. integrated into the naturally occurring seamounts555 ax and underwater ecosystem. Drill-string anchoring system 650 and660 (FIG. 3A; FIG. 3G) may be used for anchoring of mooring lines 295ax. This enables periodic change out of lines 295 ax to be donesystematically.

The top end of mooring lines 295 ax may be attached to line reels 52 axassociated with the floating surface platform 740 v. The plurality oflines 295 ax may be modified; specially configured; adapted with aplurality of attachment apparatus 763; enabling anchorage of units 700at various designated depths in the water column. Instead of two foreand aft lines as illustrated in the simplified figures; each of the foreand aft attachment points for units 700 may comprise dual lines, one ateach side (total 4 lines): one line each located fore port andstarboard; aft port and starboard. Or, more lines may be configured ifrequired. Points of attachment may comprise use of traction poles 705;and customized traction pads 706 which may be flexibly attached to;and/or detached from a matching customized anchoring apparatus 763;configured at/or along specific points of lines 295 ax. Such attachmentmechanisms may comprise of: magnetic; vacuum-suction effects; mechanicalclamping systems; etc. or a combination apparatus 763 configured fromsaid variety of individual components. Said surface platform 740 v maybe mounted with wind turbines 472 ax; 477 ax; 477 vax; on deck 736 or onturntable 745; and centralized generation units 585 ax; 590 ax in thebellies; or inside sheltered housing structures on deck. Floatationapparatus 765 may be used to shore up buoyancy of lines 295 ax andapparatus 700 at various depths. Apparatus 765 may comprise a varianthydro-dynamically shaped ballast tank or vessel 690 armed with automatedballast-buoyancy control system 686 (minus the turbine 471 ax) of FIG.3K to FIG. 3L. Underwater power transmission line 457 ax running fromanchor point 764 on the seabed 537 ax to the surface platform 741 may beconfigured with teed-off connections 766 enabling transmission of powergenerated by individual units of turbine-generator 700. Work-horse unitscomprising: UUVs-230 ax; UUTVs-230 ax; PSVs-220 ax; submersible-boats220 ax; may be deployed for monitoring; minor repairs; and their maintasks of shunting (pilotage) units 700 to and from their specific berths(attachment points 763) on lines 295 ax. Such as the removal of a unit700 for repair; then reinstate back for normal operation. A system 760 vconfigured for operably generating multi-Giga-Watts of clean and green;blue ocean renewable energies (ORE) for human consumption.

FIG. 6A to FIG. 6E illustrates a split unit tidal energy extractionsystem 770 wherein, a multitude of floating apparatus 768 comprisinghydro or tidal turbines 472 ax (drive units) supported by means ofself-buoyant floats 767 mounted on an extended shaft 595 ax; 692 ax;(transmission units) connected in between twin structural bodies 607 ax;771; may be configured for use with vertically disposed generators 585ax; 590 ax; (driven units) configured inside the structures 607 ax; and771. Structure 771 may comprise of a customized, reinforced concretestructure specially configured for extraction of ocean renewableenergies—tidal stream and offshore wind energies. Structure 607 ax maycomprise of a floating Spar unit moored to the seabed 537 ax by means ofanchoring lines 295 ax. Multiple units of such horizontally configuredshafts 595 ax; 692 may be affixed between said structures 607 ax and 771at intervals; arising vertically from the seabed 537 ax to the surface621 of the sea; from the bottom 537 ax to the top 621 of the watercolumn. Wherein, a plurality, a multitude of such structures 607 ax and771 may be configured running parallel to each other in the sea andocean based energy conversion farm 300 ax. Said structures may beflexibly configured wherein, one structure 607 ax may be paired withanother similar structure 607 ax; or structure 771 may be configuredwith another structure 771. Or with a plurality of other customizedfloating; submerged; submersible seaborne structures; fixed legs 291 axjackets 290 ax; floating flatbed platforms 292 ax; 293 ax; 294 ax; etc.in farm 300 ax. Said floating body 607 ax at one end may comprise of aSpar structure anchored to the seabed 537 ax by means of mooring lines295 ax; whereas body 771 with walls 772 at the other end may comprise ofa permanent structure affixed to the seabed 537 ax. Inside of bothstructures 607 ax and 771 may be configured a tall and long verticallydisposed generator 585 ax; 590 ax; running from the top to the bottom(sea surface 621 to seabed 537 ax). Such that the plurality of floatingtidal turbines 768 mounted on extended shafts 692 may be used to extractthe kinetic energies of tidal streams; converting said kinetic energyinto mechanical energy; transmission of torque generated by means ofextended shafts 692 to gearboxes 583 ax′; 585 ax″; then into dual unitsof generators 585 ax′; 590 ax′; 585 ax″; 590 ax″ kept inside structures607 ax and 771; located fore and aft; upstream and downstream of thetidal current flow. The distance in between structural bodies 607 ax and771 may be: 100 meters; 1 km; 5 km; 10 km; 20 km; 50 km; etc.

Disclosed herein is a structural configuration and arrangement wherein:a (one) singular extended shaft 595 ax; 692; carrying a multitude oftidal turbine units 768; may be configured with both ends (fore and aftedges of horizontally disposed shaft 692) connected to; driving,propelling and powering two (twin) units of counter-rotating generators;one at each end; at the same time (at one point in time). Wherein, onesaid generator 585 ax′ (fore) resides in structure 771; one saidgenerator 585 ax″ (aft) resides in the Spar structure 607 ax. Saidrenewable tidal energies conversion process comprises: kinetic energy(tidal current) to mechanical energy (tidal turbine 768; extended shaft692) to electrical energy (generators 585 ax′; 585 ax″).

FIG. 6B illustrates one single floating tidal energy extraction unit768; comprising of: a turbine 472 ax (no nacelle) hemmed in by dualfloating bodies 767 f (fore); 767 a (aft); borne by a fixed rotatingshaft 595 ax; 692; in the middle. Dual floatation bodies 767 f; 767 a;filled with air 683; positioned fore and aft of turbine unit 472 ax isconfigured to support the weight of turbine unit 472 ax with itsbuoyancy. Such that the combined apparatus may be configured to beself-supporting; buoyancy neutral; weightless; able to keep afloat; andremains suspended in the water. Fitted with vertical and horizontal fins206 ax; 207 ax; floats 767 enables directional orientation relative totidal current flow; keeping the turbine unit 472 ax in optimal position.The stabilizers 206 ax; 207 ax; channels a streamlined flow of tidalcurrent to the blades of turbine units 472 ax. Optionally, floats 767located fore and aft of turbine 472 ax may be configured without anyfins or vanes 206 ax; 207 ax. They may be affixed onto extended shaft692; rotating together with shaft 692. Floating bodies 765 may also beused for supporting system 770. The hubs of turbine 472 ax may beaffixed to customized, specially configured traction pads 769 on theextended shaft 595 ax; 692; spaced at regular intervals. A plurality ofturbines may be attached to said shaft 692 stretching between the twostructures 607 ax; and 771. Said plurality of floats 767 may in turn bekept in position along the extended shaft by means of twin coupling 774installed fore and aft; at both ends of the apparatus 767. Tidal turbineunit 768 may be configured for bi-directional operability; wherein,tidal current flowing in both directions due to flow and ebb (to andfro) may be used to drive the unit. Except for a change in the directionof tidal flow and turbine rotation; all parameters remains the same.

FIG. 6C illustrates a piece of coupling 774 which may be configured fromtwo components 774 i; 774 e. The inner coupling 774 i may be securelylocked onto the extended shaft 595 ax; 692; staying in position;following the rotating movement of extended shaft 595 ax; 692; whichtransmitted the torque. Inner coupling 774 i may be configured to turnfreely and independently of external coupling 774 e; by means of ballbearings 752 placed in between the twin couplings. Whereas, the externalcoupling 774 e affixed to floats 767 kept the whole apparatus inposition; without being affected by the movements of the turbine blades472 ax; and the torque transmitted by extended shaft 595 ax; 692.

FIG. 6D illustrates a float body 767 which may be configured with aplurality of fixed control surfaces; two vertically positioned fins 206ax; two horizontally positioned fins 207 ax. With the topmost portion ofthe vertical fin 206 configured with a buoyant tube 773 filled with air683; keeping apparatus 767 in an upright position. Thus the wholeextended shaft 692; turbine rotor blades 472 ax; fore and aft internalcoupling 774 i may be configured to move freely. Turning independentlyof the dual supporting floats 767 f; 767 a; and the external couplings774 e mounted fore and aft.

FIG. 6E illustrates a customized drive unit comprising twin turbineblades 472 ax with a flexibly configured shaft sleeve 775; a swing-gatesection 775 s; and an internal sliding sleeve portion 776. Such aconfiguration enables flexibility of removing a pair of defectiveturbine blades for repair; and instantly reinstalling a replacement setof turbine blades onto the extended shaft 692. Wherein, turbine 472 axmay be moved into position on the extended shaft 692 by means of surfacehoists or cranes; UUTVs-230 ax; PSV-230 ax; etc. Shaft sleeve 775 withboth the swing-gate section 775 s; and the sliding sleeve 776 primedopen; may be slotted into position on the customized traction pad 769 ofextended shaft 692. The inner sliding sleeve 776 (refer to arrow) may beclosed into position; and the swing-gate section 775 s clamped shut andlocked. Shaft sleeve 775 of turbine 472 ax is now securely fastened ontoextended shaft 692.

Instead of the split-unit configuration as disclosed in FIG. 6A to FIG.6E above; system 770 may optionally be configured with a plurality ofintegrated one-step direct conversion tidal turbine units 471 ax (withnacelles 611); supported by enlarged floats 767; 765; a variantself-regulated ballast vessel 578 ax (system 690 as disclosed in FIG. 3Kto FIG. 3L). Instead of structures 771 and 607 ax; a plurality ofsupporting pillars 708 may be used. Instead of extended shafts 692; theplurality of floating turbine units 471 ax may be secured by anchoringlines 295 ax to pillars 708. With undersea cables 457 ax; teed-offconnections 766 used for power transmission as in FIG. 5J to FIG. 5L.

FIG. 6F illustrates an improved variant configuration of centralizedsplit unit counter-rotational generator 585 ax; 590 ax which may be usedin structure 771; 607 ax. Wherein said vertically configured generationsystem may be modified into sections 777; 777′; 777″; with torquetransmission gears 583 ax or gearboxes 583 ax installed at each end(fore and aft; top and bottom) of said generation section. Section 777may be connected to the bottom section 777′; and the top section 777″;by means of central shaft 581 ax. Each section 777 may be configuredmeasuring: 10 meters; 30 m; 50 m; etc. Segmentation enables effectivetransmission of mechanical torque into the counter-rotational generationsystem in order for it to work efficiently. Central shaft 581 ax mountedwith magnets 476 ax may be configured to be driven by means ofgear-wheels 695; 696. A plurality of shafts; gears and gearboxtransmitted the mechanical torque from the drive units to the centralshaft 581 ax by means of: extended shaft 692; gearbox 583 ax; gear 696;gear-wheel 695. Gear-wheels 695 are directly mounted on and connected tocentral shaft 581 ax. Gear-wheel 695 does not have any contact with topyoke 484′ and bottom yoke 484″. Likewise the peripheral wire-coils 474ax surrounding the magnets 476 ax of section 777 may be configured to bedriven by means of gear-wheels 694; 693. A plurality of shafts; gearsand gearbox transmitted the mechanical torque from the drive units tothe top yoke 484 ax′; and the bottom yoke 484 ax″ by means of: extendedshaft 692; gearbox 583 ax; gear 694; gear-wheel 693. Gear-wheels 693 aredirectly mounted on and connected to the top yoke 484 ax′; and bottomyoke 484 ax″. Gear-wheels 693 does not have any contact with centralshaft 581 ax.

Central shaft 581 ax mounted with magnets 476 ax may be configured torun continuously from one section 777 to adjacent interconnectedsections 777′; 777″; etc. Optionally, central shaft 581 ax in betweengeneration sections 777′; 777″; 777′″; may be connected by means ofclutch-gear mechanism 587 ax. Such variability and flexibility ofconfiguration ensures optimal performance of said generation system.Wherein, any defect in generation (driven) section 777 (for example: dueto any defects arising from the plurality of associated distributedunits of drive apparatus) may be decoupled and isolated from othersections of the centralized generation system 585 ax; 590 ax. Until saiddefective components had been rectified; section 777 powered up; itsperformance validated; may the section be recoupled back to saidcentralized generation system by means of mechanism 587 ax.

FIG. 6G illustrates an optional configuration wherein generatingelements may be configured to be located above the water surface 621.Wherein said torque transmitted by means of horizontally extended shafts692; may be further transmitted by means of gearbox and additionalvertically extended shafts 692′ mounted inside the structures 771 (or607 ax) to generators 585 ax; 590 ax located at the apex, at the top ofstructures 771. Above the water surface 621.

FIG. 6H illustrates a structural configuration wherein an extended tidalenergy farm 300 ax may comprise of a linear arrangement in which, aseries of multiple structures 771 (and/or, 607 ax) may be configured inseries. With extended shafts 692 connected in between each pair ofstructures 771 (or 607 ax); one upstream structure 771 linked to anotherdownstream structure 771′. Wherein said downstream structure 771′ (nowreferred to as an upstream structure 771′) may in turn be linked toanother structure 771″ configured further downstream. And so on. Eachpair of said structures 771 interconnected by means of a plurality ofextended shafts 692 bearing a multitude of floating tidal turbines 768.Wherein, each downstream structures may be configured with a pair ofgenerators 585 ax; one for upstream shaft 692′; another for downstreamshaft 692″. Such a system may be used in the river; coastal areas; deepsea or ocean.

FIG. 6G and FIG. 6H illustrates system 770; a structural configurationwherein a multitude of fixed and enclosed marine structures 771 restingon sea-legs 772 affixed in seabed 537 ax may be constructed, spaced atintervals forming an ocean energies extraction plant 770. FIG. 6Gillustrates a perspective side-sectional view of an enclosed marinestructure comprising top-side housing structure 771; and submergedsea-legs 772 for harnessing ocean energies. Providing an optionalconfiguration of FIG. 6A wherein, said generating elements maybe locatedabove the water surface 621. Wherein said torque transmitted by means ofhorizontally extended shafts 692 mounted with a multitude of tidalturbines 768; may be further transmitted by means of a plurality ofgearboxes 583 ax and additional vertically extended shafts 692′ mountedinside the submerged structure 772 to generators 585 ax; 590 ax; 777located at the apex, atop structure 771 (or Spars structure 607 ax;ocean pods 785); well above the water surface 621. Torque generated bywind turbine 472 ax maybe transmitted to generator 777 for conversion toelectricity.

FIG. 6H illustrates an optional configuration of FIG. 6A; showing a planview of an integrated structural configuration wherein multipleinterconnected marine structures 771 may be arranged to maximizeharvesting of ocean renewable energies comprising: solar; wind; tidal;wave energies; OTEC; salinity gradient energy converters; etc. Whereinan extended tidal energy farm 300 ax may comprise of a lineararrangement in which, a series of multiple structures 771 (and/or, Spars607 ax) may be configured in series. With extended shafts 692 connectedin between each pair of structures 771 (or 607 ax); one upstreamstructure 771 (for example: marked A1) linked to another downstreamstructure 771′ (for example: marked A2). Wherein said downstreamstructure 771′ (marked A2) may now referred to as an upstream structure771′; said structure 771′ (marked A2) may in turn be linked to anotherstructure 771″ (marked A3) configured further downstream. And so on.Said structure 771 may also comprise of a floating Spars structure 607ax; an ocean Pods structure 785. Each pair of said structures 771 may beinterconnected by means of a plurality of extended shafts 692 ax bearinga multitude of floating tidal turbines 768. Wherein, each downstreamstructures may be configured with a pair of generators 585 ax; 590 ax;777; one for upstream shaft 692′; another for downstream shaft 692″.Such a system may be used in the river; coastal areas; deep sea orocean. Shape of said hydro-dynamic structure: 771; 607 ax; 785 may bevaried, creating minimal resistance or obstruction to tidal flow.

Preferably, such permanent marine structures 771 located upstream maycomprise: fixed concrete and steel structures securely built into theseabed 537 ax. Whereas the floating structures further downstream maycomprise Spars 607 ax or ocean Pods 785; said apparatus held in positionby means of cables anchored to the seabed 537 ax; wherein theirpositions may be shifted slightly to follow the tidal flow. Or,intentionally shifted to be aligned at an angular inclination to thetidal current flow; in order to maximize engagement of said energyconversion apparatus with fresh tidal flow. A multitude ofinter-connected tidal turbines 768 mounted in between the Sparstructures 607 ax may be used to transform tidal stream into mechanicalenergies. The turning moment (torque) generated may be transmitted bymeans of elongated shafts 692 ax; and used to power vertically disposedgenerators 777 (FIG. 6A) located inside the vertically disposed hollowcavities 778 of the “legs” 772 of fixed structures 771; floating Sparstructures 607 ax; floating ocean Pods 785. In the case of Sparsstructures 607 ax and ocean Pods 785; the bottom portion of the pillarlike floating protrusion (similar to sea-legs 772) may preferably befilled up with water for structural stability and balance. Such thatportions of said pillar not used for the purpose of torque transmissionmay be filled up with sea water. Torque may also be channeled by meansof extended, vertically disposed shafts 692 located inside energytransmission wells 778 formed by sea-legs 772 of structure 771; tohorizontally disposed generators 777 located on the surface. Inside thetop portion of Spar structures 607 ax; where such surface basedgenerators; transformers 622; and other delicate electrical switchinggears and equipment 622 are kept dry, secure and well protected from theexternal environment. FIG. 6I and FIG. 6J shows a flexibly extendableand retractable strut 779; or shunt 779 which may be used to connectportions of elongated shafts 692′; 692″ together. Accommodating andallowing for minor shifts in the position and length of the shaftportions 692′ and 692″. FIG. 6I illustrates the side-view cumcross-sectional view. FIG. 6J illustrates the plain view of FIG. 6I. Theshunt 779 may be inserted into the hollow portion of modified shaft 692;connecting both portions 692′ and 692″ together. Shunt 779 maybeconfigured with a rivet shaped pin head 781 with a broad cap at bothends. Shaft portions 692′ and 692″ maybe configured with two long slots782 for pins 781 to slide along; move inside said slots 782. Shunt 779may be configured with two springs 783 at each end. Wherein, said spring783 loaded shunt 779 may be kept in a balanced position in the middle ofsaid twin shafts 692′ and 692″.

Fixed structure 771; Spar structures 607 ax; or ocean pods 785 affixedinto the seabed 537 ax with cables 295 ax may be interlinked andinter-connected to each other by means of a network of structuralframework comprising: gratings 703; supporting grid of steel structures290 ax; concrete and steel bridges 784 and tube-connectors 786; girders787; made of metal; ceramics; plastics; composite materials; etc. Suchinter-connectivity strengthens the entire structural configuration ofthe renewable energies extraction plant 770; and provides an ocean-basedplatform and eco-system 300 ax upon which to erect solar panels 579 ax;wind turbines 472 ax; 477 ax; bagged wind and water generation systems100 ax; 200 ax; wave energy converters; ocean-thermal-energy-converters(OTEC); drones system 60 ax; 80 ax; 90 ax; integrated with turbines 500ax; 500 vax; to form wind and tidal energy generators: 800; HAV-800;HUV-800; turbine-generators 800. Forming a truly integrated oceanrenewable energies (ORE) generation plant 300 ax/or ORE farm 300 ax;specially configured for extraction of ORE comprising: tidal; waves;wind; solar energies; etc.

FIG. 6K illustrates a variant sea-based structure 780 a; a plurality ofwind and tidal energies conversion apparatus mounted on monopile 788affixed to the seabed 537 ax. This may be used in shallow waters. Dualwind turbines 472 ax and tidal turbines 472 ax generated torque may betransmitted by means of: gearbox 583 ax; extended shafts 692 mountedinside rotational energy (torque) transmission well 778; and combinedtogether at the surface based platform 736 to power a generation module585 ax; 590 ax; 777.

FIG. 6L illustrates a variant sea-based structure 780 b of FIG. 1D foruse in deeper waters. Multiple tidal turbines 472 ax and wind turbine477 ax maybe mounted on a larger and taller monopile 788. Torquegenerated by said multitude of wind and tidal energies conversionapparatus may be transmitted by means of gearbox(es) 583 ax; extendedshafts 692; and used to power a surface based generation module 585 ax;590 ax; 777.

FIG. 6M illustrates a variant configuration 780 c comprising a multitudeof vertical-axis wind and tidal turbines 477 ax configured in proximityto each other. Operating independently of each other, their individuallygenerated torque may be transmitted by means of extended shafts 692;gearboxes 583 ax; channeled and combined together in powering acentralized generation module 585 ax; 590 ax; 777. Said generator safelylocated on the surface platform 736: above sea-water 621 ax level andtidal turbine 477 ax; and below, at the bottom of wind turbines 477 ax.Wherein, wind energies and tidal energies extracted by means of saidplurality of energy conversion apparatus may be used to power onecentralized generator 777. Of course, torque generated by individualturbines may also be configured to power integrated turbine-generationmodules; nacelles 611; 471 ax; as is the standard practice.

However, such water-proofing design for submerged generators (tidalturbines); or miniaturized generators (high up in the nacelles of windturbines) may be much more expensive; delicate; less durable; moredifficult to maintain than standard surface based generation systemsused the world over. Those systems 585 ax; 590 ax; 777 built on dryland; or (above water) surface; located on floating platforms; inbarges; ships; etc. may be constructed of heavy-duty, rugged design;easy to access for checking; maintenance and repair of the machineries.Without the need to bring them down/or up from a great height (windturbines); nor the need to lift them down/or up from the seabed 537 ax(tidal turbines) using tall/or large cranes. Of course some losses inefficiency may occurs due to frictional loss and transmission loss(shafts 692; gear-boxes 583 ax) in between the energy conversioncomponents: the turbines (kinetic to mechanical) and generators(mechanical to electrical). This slight loss might well be off-set byadding extra turbines to make up for the desired production. Electricalenergies produced by means of said plurality of wind and tidal energiesconversion devices; apparatus; including generators 585 ax; 590 ax; 777;of present invention, may be transmitted from generation modules 777 bymeans of underwater cables 457 ax; down through monopile 788 casing;legs 291 ax of platforms 290 ax; etc. to the seabed 537 ax. Said cables457 ax maybe connected to the main submarine transmission header cable457 ax″ by means of connectors (alike teed connector 766). Where it maybe further routed by means of said cables 457 ax″ laid in submarinecable-trenches 789; to shore based electrical transformers;sub-stations; electrical power rectification-distribution facilities622; etc.

FIG. 7A illustrates a variant system 780 d of FIG. 6A to FIG. 6Mwherein, torque generated by means of wind turbines 472 ax; 477 ax; andfloating tidal turbines 768 (472 ax); 477 ax; may be combined togetherpowering a surface, deck 736 and platform 290 ax based centralizedgeneration plant 777; 585 ax; 590 ax. Wind turbines 472 ax; 477 ax; maybe mounted atop fixed legs 291 ax platform 290 ax. Vertical axis windturbine 477 ax; and horizontal axis wind turbine 472 ax mounted onpillars 469 ax; transmitted their torque from the central shaft 475 ax;to generator 777 by means of extended shafts 692 and gearboxes 583 ax.

Said floating turbines 768; 471 ax may be configured differently fromeach other. In one configuration torque generated by a plurality ofsubmarine floating turbines 768 may be transmitted by means of gearboxes583 ax and extended shafts 692 to deck 736 mounted generator 777. Saidfloating tidal turbines 768 configured with neutral buoyancy mounted onextended shaft 692 may be anchored at the bottom end to bearing box 586ax; which may be mounted on concrete base 653 secured to the seabed 537ax by means of drill strings 651; piles 562 ax. The top end of extendedshaft 692 may be connected to gearbox 583 ax and generator 777 onplatform 290 ax. Floating tidal turbines 768 of neutral buoyancy(weightless when suspended in the sea water) impose zero forces ofstress or strain by the apparatus themselves. All such forces createdwould be due to their engagement with tidal currents; and thetransformation; conversion of energies; from kinetic to mechanical toelectrical energies.

In a variant configuration, renewable electricity 456 ax generated bymeans of tidal energy conversion unit 471 ax comprising: tidal turbines472 ax integrated with nacelles 473 ax (containing coil 474 ax; magnet476 ax; also refer to apparatus 611); may be transmitted by means ofundersea cables 457 ax′ to transformers in substation 622 forrectification. Teed-off connectors 766 may be used to transmit poweroff-take between individual tidal energy conversion unit 471 ax andcommon transmission cable 457 ax′. Rectified high-voltage power fromsubstation 622 may be transmitted by means of undersea cables 457 ax″(larger capacity than cables 457 ax′) to shore based electricalsub-stations cum transmission systems. Transmission lines 457 ax″ may berouted through the legs 291 ax of fixed platform 290 ax; and underseatransmission cable trenches 789. Buoyant tidal turbines 471 axintegrated with nacelles may be configured with larger floats 767 tocater for the heavier nacelles 473 ax. Tidal turbine-generators 471 ax(611) may be held in place by means of securing lines 295 ax. Thebuoyancy of lines 295 ax may be augmented by means of individualfloatation apparatus 765.

The bottom end of lines 295 ax may be anchored at point 764 to concretebase 653 secured by drill strings 651; drill casings 651; sea piles 562ax to the seabed 537 ax. The top end of line 295 ax may be connected tointegrated winches 59 ax cum line reels 52 ax; mounted on the lower deck736 of platform 290 ax. Optionally, said winching system 59 ax may alsobe configured to comprise of double lines system. (Refer to U.S. patentSer. No. 10/113,534 FIG. 6O; system 510u.) Anchoring lines 259 ax may besubstituted by lines 542 ax. Wherein, said double lines 542 ax may forma closed loop. Top end anchored by winch 59 ax; the bottom end held by apulley 48 ax mechanism at point 764. Wherein, said floatingturbine-generators 471 ax may be shifted upwards; or downwards by meansof lines 542 p′; 542 p″; and 542 s′; 542 s″; for the purpose of periodicinspection, maintenance checks and/or repair to damages.

In a variant form, horizontal axis turbines 472 ax may be configuredwith its blades disposed at an angular inclination. The top portion 791of pillar 469 ax maybe tilted or slanted backwards. Inclined portion 791may be connected to main pillar 469 ax by means of a joining collar 792allowing rotational movement. Such a configuration shifts the center ofgravity 793 of the gearbox 583 ax plus heavy turbine blades 472 axbackwards; from front to center, nearer to the central shaft 595 ax(691) in the middle of pillar 469 ax. The turbine on the left hand sideof the diagram maybe more optimally positioned than the turbine on theright hand side. As its center of gravity 793 coincides with the shaft595 ax (691) mounted in the center of pillar 469 ax; rather than fallingoutside of pillar 469 ax. Which produces undesirable structural stressand strain on pillar 469 ax.

FIG. 7B and 7C illustrates a variant system 790 a of FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C.FIG. 7B illustrates the side view. FIG. 7C illustrates the plan view;wherein, structures comprising sea dykes 790; sea fences 790; and/or seawater channeling walls 790 may be used for diversion; convergence;concentration of tidal flow; enhanced augmentation of tidal velocitiesfor driving tidal turbines in shallow coastal waters. Two supportingstructures 795 comprising: an upstream structure 795′; and a downstreamstructure 795″ may be constructed; aligned with the tidal current flowchanneled by sea fences 790. Said supporting structures 795 erected maycomprise a plurality of vertical beams (legs) 708 and horizontal beams715. On top of horizontal beams 715 may be erected the deck flooring736; gratings 703; etc. Upon which may be placed generation module 777;substation 622; wind turbines 472 ax; etc. Multiple tidal turbines 768;472 ax (without nacelles) may be configured on a single extended shaft692 connected between said upstream and downstream structures. Theupstream and downstream gearbox units 583 ax′; 583 ax″; may be supportedby auxiliary beams 794. Wherein, torque produced by said tidal energyconversion units 768; 472 ax; may be transmitted by means of saidgearbox units 583 ax; from horizontal shaft 692; to vertical shaft 692′;and in turn, to deck 736 mounted generators 777′; 777″; where it maybetransformed into renewable electricity. Likewise, torque produced fromwind energies by means of energies conversion units 472 ax maybetransmitted from the top of the pillars 469 ax; by means of transmissionapparatus 595 ax; 583 ax; down to surface or platform 736 mountedgenerators 777′ and 777″ for conversion into electricity. Othercomponents of torque transmission system 687 (FIG. 5C; FIG. 5D) may alsobe used. Generation modules 777 may be aligned vertically orhorizontally (FIG. 7C) to suit the renewable energy extraction plantrequirements.

FIG. 7D and FIG. 7E illustrates a variant system 790 b of FIG. 7B andFIG. 7C wherein said structural beams 708; 715 may be configured as along extended platform; a supporting structure for mounting shrouded; orhooded tidal energy conversion apparatus comprising: penstocks 575 ax;turbines 472 ax; turbines 477 ax; turbine-generators 500 aax; 500 vax.FIG. 7D illustrates the front view. At the left side is illustrated awater-bags 40 ax secured to the framework formed by vertical beams 708and horizontal beams 715 by means of lines 633. Other means ofattachment may also be used. Tidal stream flow may be engaged by saidbags 40 ax; constricted from a large square-shaped inlet port 25 axthrough smaller outlet port 809 integrated with penstock 575 ax. Theright side of FIG. 7D illustrates a free flowing open tidal turbines 472ax (without shroud) which may also be used for conversion of tidalenergies. Torque produced by said turbine 472 ax may be transmitted bymeans of gearbox 583 ax; and shaft 691 inside external housing 592 ax togenerator module 777 located on the surface or top deck 736. Turbine 472ax may also be configured with generators integrated into the nacellesof turbines, forming an integrated turbine-generator unit 471 ax (moreexpensive). Kinetic energies harnessed by said plurality of (wind;tidal) energy conversion apparatus (mechanical energies) maybetransmitted by means of torque transmission system 687 (cheaper, butwith some frictional losses); to split unit, surface mounted generators777 (electrical energies).

FIG. 7E illustrates the plan view of the left side of FIG. 7D wherein,said fabric water bag 40 ax maybe secured to vertical pillars 708; andhorizontal pillars 715; by means of lines 633. A penstock 575 ax; atidal turbine 472 ax (torque); or turbine-generator unit 471 ax; 617;may be mounted in the center. FIG. 7E is shown as a sectional;see-through view of the surface flooring 736; without the top deck 736(assumed to be transparent). Mechanical energy derived from conversionof kinetic energy (moving fluid) may be directly reconverted intoelectrical energy by means of a generator mounted in the nacelle (471ax; 617). Said mechanical energy created may also be transmitted bymeans of elongated shafts 692 and gearbox(s) 583 ax to surface mountedgenerator 777; located on deck 736 of platform. Top surface 736 may beconfigured as an access way; mounted with: generators 777; sub-stations622, transformers 622; solar panels 579 ax; wind turbines 472 ax; 477ax; etc. The fabric shroud may be securely tied to the sides offramework 708; 715 by means of lines 633; clamps, etc. Fabric shrouds 40ax may also be configured from; or comprise of other materials such as:semi-solid pliable plastics; solid state plastics; composites; metal;wood; etc. Said shroud 40 ax may also be supported by a frameworkstructure 232 ax; 619 (refer FIG. 1C; FIG. 1D) made of like materialsfor keeping its physical functionalities in order for the system to workefficiently. In entrapping; channeling; diverting; and constricting saidflow of fluid into said energy conversion apparatus comprising:penstocks 575 ax; turbines 472 ax; 477 ax; 471 ax; 617; 500 aax; 500vax; etc. For practical purposes said apparatus may, preferably beconfigured for bi-directional (bi-di) use. Wherein, said tidal currentmay move forward during incoming tide; then reversing direction duringthe outgoing tide. Such that said apparatus may be configured to workwell with either the tidal ebb or the tidal flow.

FIG. 7F illustrates a wind turbine and tidal turbine mounted on afloating Spars structure 607 ax connected to a common surface basedgenerator 777. Said torque may be combined for powering said generator777. Torque from the wind turbine 472 ax may be configured to drive therotor magnets 476 ax; while torque from the tidal turbine 472 ax may beconfigured to drive the rotor wire-coils 474 ax. Or the other way round.Said floating Spars structure 607 ax maybe anchored to the seabed 537 axby means of securing lines 295 ax. An integrated ocean energiesharvesting; conversion apparatus. Torque from the wind turbine 472 axmaybe transmitted from the top of pillar structure 469 ax by means ofgearbox 583 ax and extended shaft 595 ax; to the generator 777 mountedbelow, at its base; inside structure 607 ax. While torque from the tidalturbine 472 ax maybe transmitted from the bottom of the legs structureup to surface mounted generator 777 by means of extended shafts 692 axand gearbox 583 ax.

FIG. 7G and FIG. 7H illustrates system 790 c. Wherein a dyke-wallstructure 790 incorporating tunnels 799 integrated with a plurality oftidal turbines 472 ax may be used to entrap and harness ocean tidalenergies. FIG. 7G illustrates a perspective view; while FIG. 7Hillustrates a sectional side view of FIG. 7G. Wherein, torque generatedby said tidal turbines may be transmitted to surface 736 based generator777 by means of shaft 691; elongated transmission shaft 692; and gearbox583 ax. Tunnels 799 may be specially configured in the form of squareshaped tunnels 799; or rectangular shaped tunnels 799; for use withvertical shaft tidal turbines 477 ax. Wherein, the blades of saidturbines 477 ax may be configured with flip-able hinges such that theblades may be extended during engagement with tidal flow. Said bladesmay be feathered when not in active use; that is, when they aredisengaged from the tidal flow). Torque derived from energy conversionapparatus comprising: vertical-axis wind turbines 477 ax; horizontalaxis wind turbines 472 ax; HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax powered systems;systems 800; etc. may be transmitted by means of torque transmissionsystem 687; and combined together to drive a split unit generator 777.Mounted on top surface 736 of dyke 790, generator 777 and relatedelectrical equipment may be housed safely and securely in structures622; kept dry and protected from rain or corrosive sea water. They maybe constructed of cheap; readily available materials; bulky and heavyduty components. And thus ease of installation; checking; servicing andmaintenance. Zero need for expensive miniaturization of the generationsystem (if generator had been integrated in nacelles 473 ax withturbines 471 ax atop pillars 469 ax). Zero need for expensivewater-proofing (if generator had been integrated in nacelles 473 ax withsubmerged tidal turbines 471 ax). Differential water level between621-L1 (a tidal lagoon 798) and 621-L2 (open sea/or ocean); created bythe dyke-walls 790; or a coastal sea-fence 790; causes the flow of seawater from a higher level to a lower level. Example shown: sea watermoving from L1 to L2 during low tide. Or vice-versa from L2 to L1 duringhigh tide. Powering the tidal turbines creating renewable electricity.Wherein, torque generated from multiple sources; from a multitude oftidal and wind energies conversion apparatus; and energy extractiondevices comprising: tidal turbines 472 ax; 477 ax; wind turbines 472 ax;477 ax; windbags 100 ax; water-bags 200 ax; system 800; in proximity/orvicinity (cluster) may be configured for transmission by means ofextended shafts and gearboxes 583 ax; into a centralized generator 777.Said generator 777 being specially configured to assimilate andaccommodate said varied and diverse sources; velocities; intensities;quantities; power; of rotational energies comprising torque. Andtransformed into renewable electricity.

For the following figures: FIG. 8A to FIG. 9E, reference may herein bemade to drone disclosures in parent patents: U.S. Pat. No. 8,963,362;U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534; drones 60 ax; drones 80 ax; drones 90ax; including motorized propulsion system 70 ax; 408 ax. In particular:drone 90 cax and propulsion means 70 ax of FIG. 9B; drone 80 ax of FIG.5A to FIG. 5D; FIG. 6A to FIG. 6I. Including FIG. 7A to FIG. 7F; FIG.8A; FIG. 9A to FIG. 9D; FIG. 10A to FIG. 10C as disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 8,963,362. Turbine-generators 500 aax; 500 bax; 500 cax; 500 dax;etc. (FIG. 5A to FIG. 5M) as disclosed in U.S. patent Ser. No.10/113,534; may be suitably configured; integrated with said drones 60ax; 80 ax; 90 ax; propulsion system 70 ax; and utilized in wind andtidal energies extraction and conversion systems of presentspecification. Integrated with high altitude flying drones, UAVs, HAVs,etc. for conversion of wind energies. Used with deep-sea diving drones,UUVs, HUVs, etc. for extraction of tidal energies.

FIG. 8A illustrates a plan view of a high altitude self-propelled flyingdrone HAV-800 a integrated with a wind powered turbine generator 500aax; mounted in the middle of the drone's long wing-span. FIG. 8Billustrates the perspective side view and inclined body position ofHAV-800 a in operational deployment. Two main motorized propulsionturbines 70 ax; or electric-motor driven turbo-fans 70 ax may bemounted; one on each side, port and starboard near to the wing tips. Twothrusters, smaller auxiliary electric propulsion turbines 70 ax may bemounted fore and aft of the drone's flattened body 77 ax; 90 cax;assisting the wings mounted main propulsion turbines 70 ax. Flightcontrol surfaces 69 ax; 404 ax; 406 ax; may be used for control of saiddrone. Turbines 70 ax may be configured mainly for the purpose ofvertical take-off and landing (VTOL). Rather than being configured forhorizontal movement. Whereas, upon reaching cruising height, saiddrone's body may be optimally aligned in an inclined position, in such away that its belly 801 faces the full force of the wind current. Whereinsaid turbine generator 500 aax unit may be able to maximize itsefficiency and productivity. Said drone body's orientation andadjustment of drone's wings; its angle of attack relative to the wind;relative lengths and angle of the plurality of bridle lines 21 ax;tether line 50 ax; etc. may be made to generate aerial lift. To achieveneutral lift, wherein, the weight of the entire apparatus HAV-800 a maybe self-supported by aerial lift created by means of the wings and theflight control surfaces 69 ax; 404 ax; 405 ax; 406 ax. Such aconfiguration enables apparatus 800 a to stay in a relatively stablelocation for extended periods of time. Fore and aft auxiliary turbines70 ax may be kept on active standby, responding whenever necessary toprovide extra lift or maneuver said drone's position. Main turbines 70ax located port and starboard may be switched on/or off automatically bymeans of central computerized AI controls. When the drone 800 a isairborne and in generation mode; and the main turbines 70 ax are notused for propulsion purposes. Said main turbines 70 ax may optionally;be used to engage wind current for generating power; just like apparatus500 aax. Alike apparatus 100 ax; 200 ax; 400 ax; etc. a plurality ofbridle lines 21 ax; connects the body of said apparatus 800 a at points803; 804; 805 to tether line 50 ax at point 31 ax. Said tether line 50ax; or mooring line 46 ax may in turn connect said drone 800 a to awinched 49 ax line reel drum 52 ax securely anchored to the ground.

FIG. 8B illustrates the perspective-side view and inclined body positionof HAV-800 a relative to the flow of wind current 10 ax; water current20 ax. Enabling the entire apparatus to be kept airborne by means of:the actions of the oncoming wind current against the reaction of itstethered body; and the interactive aerodynamic relationship between thewind current (lift) versus the tethered 50 ax body of HAV-800 a (drag);much alike the way a kite or an airplane works. Neutral buoyancy isrequired for the apparatus to stay airborne by means of aerial liftingforces. Adjustments that maybe made comprises: (a) active motorizedpropulsion systems: turbines 70 ax; engines 408 ax; side-thrusters 70ax; (b) flight control surfaces: wings 69 ax; 404 ax; 405 ax; 406 ax.(c) angle of attack of the wings leading edge relative to the winddirection; this may be enabled by means of internally (body 77 ax)mounted winches 59 ax controlling the length of bridle lines 803; 804;805. Wind current 10 ax flows (enters) through turbine-generator 500 aaxvia the belly 801 of HAV-800 a; exiting through said drone andturbine-generator's topside 802. Other turbine-generators 500 bax; 500cax; 500 dax; etc. as disclosed in U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534 mayalso be integrated into and used with drone HAV-800, forming a family of“High Altitude Flying Energy Generators.”

All airborne and seaborne apparatus of present invention may beconfigured with UAS; UUS capabilities such as: automated GPS guidance;capability to determine the position of an individual apparatus by likepassive means; or active means; means of automated self-adjustment andself-propulsion in maintaining its assigned GPS coordinates. Or, in caseof a vehicle which had been assigned a flight path; navigate to keep tothe designated trajectory. Such UAS; UUS capabilities avoidsinterference; collision; damages; in between a multitude of differentapparatus or vehicles in an energy extraction/or conversion farm 300 ax.

FIG. 8C illustrates a variant drone HAV-800 b of FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B;integrated with a variant, ultra-light-weight (and thus a much largersized) wind powered turbine generator 500 vax. Wherein said apparatus500 vax may be configured alike apparatus 500 aax. Optionally, apparatus500 vax and drone 800 a may be configured comprising solely ofultra-light-weight materials. The blades 492 ax of turbine-generator 500vax may comprise of: composites materials; plastics; carbon-nano-fiber;fiberglass; Kevlar; etc. embedded with rotor wires 488 ax and rotormagnets 489 ax. Optionally, all turbine blades 492 ax may be coatedexternally with layers of specialty water-proofing materials 806;protecting said delicate and sensitive generation elements 488 ax and489 ax embedded within; integrated internally into said blades. A dronewith a smaller body and multiple units of propulsion turbines 70 ax (8units) directly attached to a large turbine-generator 500 vax may beconfigured. Wherein said rotor rings of wire coils 493 ax; and magnets494 ax may be replaced or substituted by means of embedded generatingelements comprising: rotor wire coil 488 ax; and rotor magnets 489 ax;directly integrated, impregnated and structurally incorporated into theturbine blades 492 ax of apparatus 500 vax. (refer FIG. 4H; FIG. 5A toFIG. 5K of U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534).

Turbine generator 500 aax; 500 vax may comprise of dual units ofturbines placed in close proximity to each other, in an over-under(top-bottom; horizontal position) configuration; or in a side by sideconfiguration (vertical position). (Refer to FIG. 4H; FIG. 5I; FIG. 5Jof parent U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534.) Wherein with the body ofdrone HAV-800 b preferably aligned in an inclined position (FIG. 8B);said twin units of turbines counter-rotates against each other in closeproximity (one unit turning clock-wise; with the other unit turning inan anti-clockwise direction). Said generating elements: wire-coils 488ax; magnets 489 ax; directly embedded into said counter-revolvingturbine blades 492 ax located bottom and top (belly and hind) movingpast each other in proximity, at very high velocities generatingelectricity.

FIG. 8D illustrates a variant self-propelled aerial drone HAV-400 vaxintegrated with a plurality of motorized turbo-fans 70 ax; in additionto propulsion engine 408 ax; as previously disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.10,113,534. Additional propulsion units 70 ax may be configured directlyonto the body of HAV-400 vax; just like HAV-800 b of FIG. 8C. Equippedwith these motorized propulsion units 70 ax; the self-propulsioncapability of HAV-400 vax is enhanced. Drone HAV-400 vax is now fullyself-reliant; and achieved independence from its previous reliance onUnmanned Aerial Tug Vehicles, UATV-80 aaa; 80 aab; 80 aac for VTOL andascent purposes.

FIG. 8E to FIG. 8G illustrates a morphing drone HAV-800 c of FIG. 8Aconfigured with dual sets of wings. FIG. 8E illustrates a plan view;FIG. 8F illustrates a sectional front view of a retracted drone; FIG. 8Gillustrates the frontal view of a fully extended drone. One set of wings69 bax; (404 bax); located at the bottom; with a smaller set of wings 69tax; (404 tax); stacked above in an over-under configuration of thebi-planes (of olden days). The twin sets of top and bottom wings 69 tax;69 bax; may be held together by means of: extendable-retractableapparatus; extendable-collapsible mechanisms; stretchable-foldablemembers; such as jacks 807 and mechanical arms 808 driven by pneumaticand/or hydraulic systems.

The space in between the top and bottom wings may be mounted with a windbag 30 ax and a wind-turbine-generator 500 aax; or atidal-turbine-generator 500 aax. Including extendable-collapsiblepneumatic arms 807; hydraulic arms 808; or other mechanisms tovertically open up; or to close and collapse (the distance between) thetop and bottom wings 69 tax; 69 bax of drone bi-plane 800 c. Pneumaticarms 807; 808 may also be configured for mounting and supportingturbine-generator 500 aax and windbag 30 ax. When the wings are in openposition, a large space is created for said built-in windbag 30 ax andturbine-generator 500 aax to operably deploy and function as configured.Windbag 30 ax may be configured with other high velocitywind-turbine-generators: 500 bax; 500 cax; 500 dax; located aft togenerate electricity. (Refer FIG. 5A to FIG. 5M of U.S. patent Ser. No.10/113,534). Whereas, wind entering the large square shaped cavity 25 axof inlet port ring 22 ax (fore) may be channeled through a narroweroutlet port 809 (aft) integrated with turbine-generator 500 aax; thusaccelerating its velocity as it passes through the blades 492 ax ofturbine-generator 500 aax. Such a configuration illustrates the use of ahigh altitude self-propelled flying drone HAV-800 c integrated with ashrouded (windbag 30 ax) wind powered turbine-generator 500 aax; 500vax. Flying wind turbine-generator 500 aax may be collapsed,horizontally positioned when not in use; such as during the flight mode(ascent; descent). During the generation mode it may be alignedvertically; or at an optimally inclined angle; when the top and bottomwings 69 tax; 69 bax; opens up. This may be enabled by means ofsupporting hydraulic arms 807; 808; mounted in embedded sliding bracketsand grooves 810; and/or other like specialty mechanical accessoriescustomized for their specific utility purposes. Inlet port ring 22 axmay follow the square shaped contour of the hydraulic arms 807; 808. Itmay also be configured to be of any practicable shape or size. Operablyopened and closed by means of pressurized air; in sync with mechanicalarms 807; 808; movement, etc. (Refer apparatus 620 d of FIG. 3A to FIG.3E.)

FIG. 8H to FIG. 8J illustrates a variant morphing drone bi-plane 800 dof FIG. 8E to FIG. 8G with dual sets of similar sized wings 69 tax; 69bax; (404 tax; 404 bax) mounted in an over-under (top-bottom)configuration. FIG. 8H illustrates the plain view of drone 800 d inflight mode with the wings aligned fore and aft. FIG. 8I illustrates thefront view of drone 800 d in generation mode with said wings aligned topand bottom (over-under). FIG. 8J illustrates the side view. A pluralityof pneumatic jacks 807; or appendages 808 (3 units) operably connectedsaid top and bottom wings 69 tax; 69 bax; keeping them together.

In the flight mode, the bottom set of wings 69 ax; 404 tax; may beflipped backward and upward by means of appendages 807; 808. With bothsets of wings parallel to each other at nearly the same level. Thecollapsed windbag 30 ax integrated with turbine-generator 500 aax may bepositioned horizontally with the windbag materials folded and stored bymeans of a plurality of: sliding lines 23 ax; 66 ax; accessories 67 ax;68 aax; line winches 59 ax; etc. for controlling; releasing; retracting;said windbag; wingsuit; fabric materials. In such a fore-aftarrangement; all of the four main propulsion turbines 70 ax may be fullyutilized for maximum creation of vertical lift.

When drone 800 d attained cruising height; bottom wings 69 bax may belowered downward and flipped forward by means of appendages 807; 808;forming a normal bi-plane's over-under (top-bottom) wings configuration.Such a maneuver opens up a large space in between the two sets ofbi-plane's wings 69 tax; 69 bax; for windbag 30 ax and turbine-generator500 vax mounted in between said top and bottom wings to function.Operably capturing high altitude wind current; transforming its kineticenergy 11 ax into electrical energy. As the top and bottom wings opensup; spreading apart; turbine 500 vax, lying in a horizontal position ontop of bottom wings 69 bax may be moved by means of said pneumatic arms807; 808; sliding along built-in grooves 810; into an upright, verticalposition (generation mode). Wind current captured by bag 30 ax may bedirected into wind turbine-generator 500 aax; 500 vax; driving, poweringit to generate electricity. Windbag 30 ax may be securely mounted ingroove 810 embedded into the wings structure.

A comparison may be drawn with reference to a normal large sized openflow turbine-generator 800 b of FIG. 8C; versus 800 d of FIG. 8H to FIG.8J. Said smaller sized apparatus 800 d may be much more productive thana larger sized apparatus 800 b. Because a shrouded or hooded (windbag 30ax) apparatus operates at higher velocities; thus higher efficiencies Cp(approx. 2 to 3 times); as compared to an open flow apparatus. A similarcomparison maybe drawn between the dotted lines in FIG. 8I versus thesolid lines 809. Said dotted lines may be used to denote the body of amuch larger apparatus 500 vax in open flow (without bag). Whereas solidlines 809 denotes the joining point between the outlet port 809 ofwindbag 30 ax and the body of a smaller apparatus 500 vax; integratedwith windbag 30 ax. Windbag 30 ax forms a wingsuit; shroud or hoodimproving efficiency of apparatus 500 vax. Wherein integration ofwindbags 30 ax with turbine generator 500 vax enables deployment of amuch smaller and lighter turbine generator 500 vax with much higherefficiencies. Since an enclosed, shrouded turbine-generator 800 b willbe much more efficient than an open-flow system; a hood of whatever sizeor shape, may also be configured for use at the fluid inlet port ofapparatus 500 aax; 500 vax of HAV-800 a and HAV-800 b of FIG. 8A to FIG.8C.

FIG. 8J illustrates the side view of drone 800 d wherein said twin setof wings 69 tax; 69 bax may be configured, intentionally manipulated oradjusted to form a tapered, funnel shaped aerial apparatus from fore toaft. With a large inlet port 25 ax; and a small outlet 809 integratedwith the periphery of wind turbine-generator 500 vax. For aspirating alarge volume of wind at the inlet port 25 ax formed by pneumatic arms807; top and bottom wings; and inlet port ring 22 ax; flowing via asmaller outlet port 809 of windbag into the turbine blades 492 ax ofwind turbine generator 500 aax; 500 bax; etc. before exiting aft,discharged to the atmosphere. Wherein said funnel shaped shroud or hoodformed by windbag 30 ax; constricts and accelerates the flow of wind andwater currents; concentrating; enhancing its velocity throughturbine-generator 500 aax; or an ultra-light-weight turbine-generator500 vax.

RAT-71 ax mounted on body 77 ax may generate onboard power andcompressed air for inflation of inlet port ring 22 ax; air-ribs 277 axof windbags 30 ax. Electrical power generated on-broad by means ofRAT-71 ax; and wind turbine-generator 500 aax; 500 vax may also be usedto power the plurality of propulsion turbines 70 ax. Excess powergenerated may be transmitted by means of a variant conductive tether 50vax; anchor line 46 vax. Power for initial take-off and make up powerfor propulsion turbines 70 ax may also be supplied by means of saidvariant conductive tether 50 vax.

FIG. 8K to FIG. 8M illustrates a variant configuration of FIG. 8A toFIG. 8J wherein said drone HAV-800 e; HUV-800 e may be equipped onlywith a windbag 30 ax (drive unit 51 ax) for traction-generation ofrenewable electricity by means of tether 50 aax and driven unit 55 ax;akin to system HAV-100 ax; HUV-200 ax; HUV-400 ax; 222 ax; 76 ax; etc.FIG. 8K illustrates the plain view. FIG. 8L illustrates the frontal viewof 800 e; in flight mode with windbag 30 ax retracted and kept closed bybottom body frame 811. FIG. 8M illustrates the frontal view of 800 e; ingeneration mode with an extended windbag 30 ax by an open bottom bodyframe 811. Windbag 30 ax with a large inlet port 22 ax framed byextendable retractable parts 807; 808; tapers towards a small enclosedrear end (cone-shaped). RAT-71 ax may be used for self-generation ofutilities abroad comprising electricity and compressed air enablingprolonged periods of deployment. Optionally, RAT-71 ax may also beconnected to outlet port 809 and driven by means of fluid exitingwindbag 30 ax; turbine-generator 500 vax (apparatus 800 c and 800 d inFIG. 8E to FIG. 8J). Apparatus 800 e may also be used for tractionpurposes; and propulsion of vehicles comprising: boats; ships; sledges;wheeled vehicles; etc. over terrain comprising: water; sea; ice; snow;etc. for solo trips; expeditions; or commercial purposes. And at thesame time supplying power to the surface crew and equipment.

FIG. 8N illustrates the utility purpose of a plain and basic dronevehicle HAV-800 in leading, controlling and commanding a multitude ofwindbags 30 ax; or water-bags 40 ax; wherein, said plurality of bags maybe configured in series, one bag after another bag as previouslydisclosed in system 222 ax; 76 ax. Said self-propelled drone HAV-800 mayor may not carry a turbine-generator 500 aax or a windbag 30 ax on itsbody. Since its main purpose is working as a master controller; leadinga pack of fluid entrapping bags (slaves) attached to tether line 50 ax(drive unit 51). For the sole purpose of traction-generation-productionof renewable electricity in association with driven unit 55 ax. Withreference to FIG. 6P and FIG. 6Q of U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534;HAV-800 may also be used with bridle lines 21 ax attached at points 803;804; 805; connected to tether line 50 ax at point 31 ax; controlling amultitude of bags 30 ax. A retract line 33 ax and winch 59 ax maybe usedfor depowering of said apparatus 76 ax; 222 ax. Drone vehicle may useits propulsion systems 70 ax for active depowering of said apparatus orsystem 222 ax; 76 ax. Said drive unit 51 ax powering a ground mounteddriven unit 55 ax.

FIG. 8′O′ illustrates a variant configuration of FIG. 8N wherein, saidplurality of bags constituting system 76 ax; 222 ax; may comprise of amultitude of HAV-100 ax; or HUV-200 ax lead by a master-controller dronecomprising a variant unit of: HAV-800; HUV-800; or HAV-100 vax; HUV-200vax. Said master-controller drone 800 may be equipped with homing sensor812; located near to the tip of its nose cone. Sensor 812 is configuredto home in on signals emitted by a homing-signal generator 813; attachedat a desirable location 814; in proximity to an attachment ring 815; onmain tether line 50 ax. Generator 813 may constitute a homing-signalsgenerator comprising: radar; GPS; a transponder system; x-rays;radio-waves; sonars; visual-audio signals; etc. Such an interactivetransmission and reception signaling-homing system may be used duringthe depowering phase of system 76 ax; 222 ax. Wherein, at the end of itspower generating run (point 288 ax), said master-controller dronevehicle 800; 100 vax; 200 vax; may be remotely commanded; orpre-programmed by means of computerized systems and artificialintelligence (AI); to turn around; thereby spilling the fluid contententrapped by said bags; depowering them. In proximity to device 813located at point 814 said master-controller drone may use optical-visualsignals captured by means of onboard precision cameras 816 to seek-out;locate and then, latch tightly onto a ring 815 by means of a suitablyconfigured attachment apparatus 817; or a locking device 817; located atthe tip of its fore nose-cone. Sensor 812; camera 816 and locking device817 may be located in proximity to each other. Components of apparatus817 may operably open up; clamp; grip; lock tightly onto ring 815.Optionally, apparatus 817 may also be configured to slide open, insertring 815 into its orifice or port and close back securely. An examplebeing: industrial grade spring-loaded shackles or carabiners; operatedby means of electro-mechanical cum magnetic mechanisms controlled bycomputerized logic or artificial intelligence (AI) sequence. Tether line50 ax may then be retracted back to the starting point 16 ax by means ofrewinding motor 49 ax. Such a structural configuration may not requirethe use of an independent retract line 33 ax and line-reel system R49ax; or the use of a winch 59 ax (onboard drone vehicle) and retract line33 ax system attached onto tether line 50 ax (refer FIG. 11A to FIG. 11Jof U.S. Pat. No. 8,963,362).

FIG. 8P illustrates a variant configuration 800 f; wherein apart frompreviously disclosed propulsion means of HAV-100 vax; HUV-200 vaxcomprising one singular unit (70 ax; 240 ax); said drones maybe equippedwith additional units of propulsion means comprising: a multitude ofsaid motorized turbo-fan units 70 ax; multiple propeller units 240 ax;cum much larger control surfaces 69 ax strategically located on saidaero-dynamically shaped vehicle body: 77 ax; 99 ax; 201 ax. Controlsurfaces 84 ax; 85 ax; may be used with aerodynamically shaped body 99ax. Hydroplanes 205 ax; 206 ax; 207 ax; 208 ax; may be used withhydro-dynamically shaped body 201 ax. Previously HAV-100 ax relies on agroup of means comprising: one single motorized propulsion unit 70 ax;flexibly attached UATV-80 ax; light-than-air (LTA) gases comprising:helium; or hydrogen in body 99 ax; 201 ax to achieve aerial lift andbuoyancy. Wherein with 100% motorized self-propulsion by means of 70 ax;240 ax; said HAV-100 vax; HUV-200 vax; need not rely on the use of:UATV-80 ax; or on lighter than air (LTA) gases. Optionally, continuedusage of LTA gases helps in providing lighter propulsion-engine loads;and minimized energy consumption. LTA gas may be augmented by modifiedflight control surfaces 69 ax and 820 which may be enlarged andelongated. Such multi-functional capabilities in using multiplepropulsion units 70 ax; tug-vehicles 80 ax; LTA gases; wings 69 ax; 820;enhances operational flexibilities of said variant drone vehicles.Wings, hydroplanes and control surfaces may be modified. Configured tobe tilt-able; and to rotate to adjust a vehicle's lift; drasticallyaltering said wings leading edge's angle of attack speedily; etc.relative to wind and tidal current flow. Wherein, said wings 69 ax maybe split or divided 818 into two components comprising: a normal fixedwings portion 69 ax; and a rotatable, tilt-able wings portion 820;inter-connected by means of an internal shaft 819 in between said dualsplit portions. Said portion 820 may be adjusted variably to tilt at anangular inclination dictated by means of software commands fromcomputerized AI flight software abroad; providing optimized aerodynamiclift generation (relative to wind direction) for extended periods oftime. Such a configuration minimizes use of propulsion units 70 ax;which consume energies. All apparatus of present inventions may beconfigured with fixed and variable wings and control surfaces forgeneration of aero-dynamic lift for extended periods of time. Example:for weeks; or, months; as in FIG. 8A to FIG. 8J; FIG. 8Q; FIG. 9D. Mainmotorized propulsion units 70 ax; 240 ax; may be used mainly forvertical-take-off and landing (VTOL); and for standing by. Auxiliaryunit 70 ax; 240 ax; maybe kept on hot standby; or on active service forvehicle adjustments to cater for shifting wind conditions.

FIG. 8Q illustrates a variant apparatus 800 g of FIG. 8E to FIG. 8J.Wherein, said drone apparatus may comprise of 3 body portions. One mainbody 77 ax in the middle; hemmed in by two smaller supporting bodies 77pax port; and 77 sax starboard. Joined together by means of an extendedwings structure 69 ax; extending from the port side 69 pax; andstarboard side 69 sax. Said bodies 77 ax; 77 pax; 77 sax; being operablyused to control deployment; and/or extension of an integrated windbag 30ax cum wind turbine-generator 500 vax located aft. Windbag 30 ax may beaffixed in grooves 810 of the wings; and may utilize a plurality ofsliding lines 23 ax; 66 ax; accessories 67 ax; 68 aax; line winches 59ax; etc. for controlling; releasing; retracting; said windbag materials.(Refer FIG. 3H to FIG. 3I of U.S. Pat. No. 8,963,362). Wind enteringsaid inlet port 25 ax passes through turbine-generator 500 vax locatedaft; before exiting through outlet port 821. Wingsuits 30 ax may also beused for fluid entrapment.

FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B illustrates a variant apparatus 800 h. FIG. 9Aillustrates a perspective side view; while FIG. 9B illustrates a plainview (topside 802) of a said apparatus 800 h wherein saidturbine-generator unit 500 aax; 500 vax may be integrated with aplurality of motorized propulsion units 70 ax mounted on struts 818 witha fabric shroud 30 ax or hood 30 ax extended around the circumference ofsaid turbine-generator 500 vax. Fabric shroud 30 ax may be directlyattached to the circumference of said turbine-generator 500 vax;extending outward like a wingsuit 30 ax supported by a plurality ofstructural members comprising struts 822. Bags and shrouds functionslike wingsuits in engaging wind current; just like the extendedmembranous skin of a bat's wings. Channeling, diverting said wind flowinto the turbine-generator unit 500 vax; from an enlarged inlet port 25ax via inlet port ring 22 ax; into the belly 801 of apparatus 800 h,through turbine blades 492 ax; before exiting from the topside 802.Struts 822 may be configured extending directly from the body ofapparatus 500 vax; connecting with flexibly adjustable joints 823; andextended into short portion 822′; which may be used as legs for landingand take-off of apparatus 800 h. Adjustable joints 823 in between mainstruts 822 and leg portions 822′; may be configured for mountingflexibly positioned propulsion units 70 ax. Flexible joints 823 may befitted with suitably configured; customized specialty accessoriesenabling it to function as desired. The position of propulsion units 70ax may preferably be aligned horizontally in order to maximize liftingduty. A plurality of bridle lines 21 ax connected to and extending fromlegged portions 822′ of struts 822 joined tether line 50 vax at point 31ax kept said apparatus 800 h in position. Wherein, said unit 800 h maybe lofted into high altitude by means of said propulsion units 70 ax.Aligned at an inclined position such that wind and/or water currentflows from the bottom or belly 801 (refer FIG. 8B) of said apparatus;through the turbine blades 492 ax; exiting from the hind or top-side 802of said unit 500 vax. Fabric shroud 30 ax at the periphery of unit 500vax entrapped and channeled wind and water current from an enlargedinlet port 25 ax through the narrower outlet via unit 500 vax. Likewisesaid unit 800 h may also be configured for use in an ocean or seaborneenvironment to harness tidal energies; wherein said motorized propulsionunits 70 ax provides directional controls; while the buoyancy of theentire apparatus 830 ax may be controlled by means of airbags 202 ax;lines 204 ax and compressed air cylinders 203 ax; sinkers and divingweights 221 ax. Components: 676; 677; 678; 679; 681; 682; 683; 684;constituting system 686 of FIG. 3L above may also be used. Powergenerated by apparatus 500 vax may be transmitted by means of aconductive tether 50 vax. Turbine-generators 500 aax; 500 vax; may alsobe substituted or replaced by other like apparatus disclosed in thespecifications: 471 ax; 617; 472 ax; 500 bax; 500 cax; 500 dax; etc.

FIG. 9C illustrates the perspective view of a variant apparatus 800 i ofFIG. 9A and FIG. 9B; wherein said turbine-generator unit 500 aax may bereplaced by; or substituted with a windbag unit 30 ax mounted on anaerodynamic body 100 vax; or, a hydrodynamic body 200 vax; and connectedby means of a plurality of bridle lines 21 ax to a winch 59 ax. Said bag30 ax may be integrated with peripheral mounted shroud or wingsuit 30ax. Structural body 100 vax or 200 vax may in turn be connected by meansof tether 50 vax (drive unit 51 ax) to a surface based driven unit 55ax. Said drive unit 51 ax provides traction-generation capability intandem with a said driven unit 55 ax to produce renewable electricity.(Refer apparatus 800 e of FIG. 8K to FIG. 8M). The framework of struts822 may be extended from the motorized propulsion turbine units 70 ax tothe fore (bow) of the apparatus 800 i; providing it with mechanicalcapability to open and close the shroud formed by windbag and wingsuit30 ax; by means of pneumatic mechanisms mounted on its body 77 ax; 99ax; 201 ax. Said body maybe configured to include a Ram-Air-Turbine(RAT) 71 ax mounted at the bow providing compressed air to operablycontrol (open or close) the inlet port ring 22 ax; air-ribs 277 ax;struts 822 of said windbag 30 ax as and when required. High velocitywind may enter RAT-71 ax via inlet port 824; exiting via outlet port825. RAT-71 ax may also be configured to supply electricity to powerturbines 70 ax. Enabling apparatus 800 i self-sufficiency in generationof energy and propulsion power. Wherein apparatus 800 i may operablygenerate its own power to run, to propel turbines 70 ax; keeping itselfairborne for extended periods of time. Any power shortfalls may be madeup for by means of conductive tether 50 vax from surface based backupmeans. A pressurized air blower 826 may be used for augmenting take-offand landing of system 800 apparatus. Discharge nozzle 826 may be coupledwith compressors; compressed air tanks; air lines; etc.

FIG. 9D illustrates the perspective view of a variant apparatus 800 j;wherein said components of a self-propelled flying turbine-generator 800h (FIG. 9A; FIG. 9B) may be integrated with components of a HAV-100 vax;or HUV-200 vax (refer FIG. 8P). Forming a variant self-propelled hybridturbine-generator apparatus: HAV-800 j; HUV-800 j. Wherein saidrotor-rotor turbine-generator may comprise of: 500 aax; 500 vax; 500bax; 500 cax; etc. configured with their embedded electrical andmagnetic elements waterproofed and externally sealed; covered in arobust layer of protective materials comprising: plastics; ceramics;glass; carbon-fibers; composite materials; etc. Optionally, it may alsocomprise of a normal; standard rotor-stator turbine-generator 471 ax(refer FIG. 4A of U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534). Wherein componentsof said modified turbine-generator 471 ax may be directly embedded andintegrated into the body 99 ax; 201 ax structure (FIG. 9E). The relativeposition or location of components may be shifted or reconfigured tooptimize operability of such a hybrid apparatus HAV-800 j; HUV-800 j.

FIG. 9E illustrates a optional configuration wherein the generationcomponents 471 ax of said HAV-800 j; HUV-800 j in FIG. 9D may beintegrated into; forming; becoming part of the structural body 99 ax;201 ax. The extremely sensitive wire coil 474 ax (488 ax) of saidmodified turbine-generator 471 ax may be configured: concealed insidethe body 99 ax; 201 ax structure. Totally segregated from the externalsurroundings by means of said structural arrangement. Wherein saidconcealing; protective layer comprises of the solid state body 99 ax;201 ax of HAV-100 vax; HUV-200 vax. Whereas, said rotor coil 474 ax;rotor magnet 476 ax (489 ax) maybe embedded; impregnated; encased;insulated; isolated; in layer(s) of laminating composite materials 806.Rotor coil 474 ax; rotor magnet 476 ax (489 ax) may also be configured;separated from each other by said body structure 99 ax; 201 ax. Whereinsaid coating comprising layers of protective water-proof materials 806provides functionality of the apparatus; and protection against moistureand corrosion (refer FIG. 15A to 15C; U.S. Pat. No. 8,963,362). Therotational movement of said rotor magnets ring 476 ax; directly attachedto turbine blades 492 ax; may be assisted by a bearings assembly 597 ax.Variant HUV-200 vax may be configured wherein the shroud comprisingwater-bag 40 ax entrapped and diverted tidal flow into a turbine 471 ax;mounted in the center around body 201 ax. HUV-200 vax may be tetheredand affixed to the seabed 537 ax; tilted in the direction of tidalcurrent flow; entrapping said fluid; channeling it into turbine 471 ax;to generate power. Power generated may be routed from the generatingwire coils 474 ax; via aft (stern) mounted conductive tether-cable 50vax; to seabed mounted cable attachment point 764 (FIG. 5K); fortransmission to surface buoy 508 ax; ballast tank 578 ax; or to shore.Power generating nacelle 611 of turbine-generator 617 of body 201 ax maybe made of compatible composite materials; said layer(s) of compositesenabling; ensuring magnetic field from externally located magnetpenetrates through the layer with ease; and reaches the wire coilsmounted inside body 201 ax. Optionally, the body-wall 99 ax; 201 ax ofnacelle 611 of turbine-generator 617 may be made slightly thinner toenable enhanced penetration of magnetic field and power generation.Supporting rings 828; or other structures may be used to secure turbine500 aax to body 99 ax; 201 ax.

FIG. 10A illustrates a planetary-gears apparatus 830 integrated with avariant counter-rotating generator 777 v. FIG. 10B illustrates a planview of apparatus 830. FIG. 10A illustrates a side-sectional view of anarrangement wherein a planetary gear 830 may be suitably configured witha torque transmission gearbox 583 ax; main shaft 581 ax; to work with asingle unit of variant counter-rotating generator 777 v; or; a variantgenerator 585 ax; 590 ax; configured with only one single source oftorque (input); with two opposing torques (outputs) to power dual rotorcoil 474 ax and rotor magnets 476 ax. Planetary gear apparatus 830 maybe configured and used for the conversion of rotational mechanicalenergies (torque). Wherein, a single source of torque transmitted (fromgearbox 583 ax to main shaft 581 ax) may be transformed from onerotational direction: e.g. clockwise (input); into an opposite rotatingdirection: e.g. anti-clockwise (output); by means of apparatus 830. Suchthat said original torque (rotating clockwise) may be combined with thederived torque transformed by means of apparatus 830 (rotatinganti-clockwise) to drive the: rotor coils 474 ax; and rotor magnets 476ax; of counter-rotating generator 777 v. Apparatus 830 enables theconversion and transformation of one single stream of torque energy intotwo opposing streams (directions) of torque; and may be suitablyconfigured for use with apparatus 777 v of present invention. Whereinsaid counter-rotating streams of torque energy (turning moment) may thenbe used to drive; to power a counter-rotating generator unit 777 v. Onestream of torque (original input of main shaft 581 ax, turningclock-wise) may be configured to power the rotor magnet 476 ax. Whilethe other, derived stream of torque (produced by apparatus 830 connectedto the yoke 484 ax, turning anti-clock-wise) may be configured to powerthe rotor coil 474 ax of generator 777 v. Or, vice-versa.

Planetary gear apparatus 830 may comprise of: a central gear 829 mountedon the central shaft 581 ax (bearing the original torque: input); ringedby a plurality of transmission gears 831; surrounded by a peripheralgear ring 832. The turning moment transmitted by center gear 829(input); is transmitted to gears 831; then on to peripheral gear ring832. The movement of gear ring 832 is reversed by means of this derivedtorque transmission; which may be further transmitted by means of aplurality of yoke 484 ax to power rotor coils 474 ax. Central shaft 581ax transmitting the original torque (input) may directly be configuredto power rotor magnets 476 ax.

Such an apparatus 830 may be used when a large amount of torque producedby a single apparatus (for example: a large wind turbine with 10 MWoutput) may be transformed and spilt into two streams (example: 5 MW oftorque each) for powering one generator unit 777 v. Assuming that anormal (rotor-stator) generator configured for said 10 MW turbine had asize; weight of “X”. An equivalent (rotor-rotor) generator unit 777 vmay be configured to have a size or mass of “half X” (“½X”). Sincerotor-rotor (rotor coil; rotor magnet) configuration may be translatedinto reduced generator mass; or size of generating elements; as comparedto rotor-stator configuration. It is (will be) definitely advantageousfor a generator half of its normal size or mass to be installed insideits nacelle 473 ax atop turbine pillar 469 ax hundreds of meters high.And even better still, if this “½X” is removed and shifted from the topnacelle 473 ax down to the surface level (ground or platform 741). Withgenerated torque transmitted by means of extended shaft 692.

Wherein, counter-rotating generator unit 777 may be configured to bedriven by: (1) one source of torque transformed into twin streams ofopposing torques by means of planetary gears 830; to drive a variantgenerator unit 777 v. (2) Two streams of torque transmitted from twoindividual drive units. (3) A multitude of torque streams transmittedfrom diverse wind and tidal energy conversion apparatus (drive units 51ax) may be configured to drive; and power individual (segmented)generation sections: 777′; 777″; 777′″; etc. Wherein said generationsections 777′; 777″; 777′″; etc. may operably be used individually. Or,specific components (e.g. rotor magnets 476 ax; or rotor coils 474 axmounted on main shaft 581 ax) may operably be combined together by meansof gear-clutch mechanisms 587 ax (drive unit 51 ax of similar ratings;matching output; etc.) Apparatus 587 ax may comprise fully automatedvariable speed gears; semi-automatic gears; manual gears. Suchflexibility and versatility in configuration enables optimizedefficiency and productivity of system 777; in response to naturalvariability of the elements—wind and tidal resources.

FIG. 10C to FIG. 10E illustrates three variant tidal turbines: 471 vax;768 v; 768 w; derived from the floating, buoyant tidal turbine system768 of FIG. 6B; and features disclosed in FIG. 9E. FIG. 10F illustratesuse of said plurality of turbines. FIG. 10C illustrates a variantfloating dual-units (fore-aft) tidal turbines 617 v; 471 vax (refer FIG.4A; U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534) wherein moisture sensitivegenerating components comprising: rotor coils 474 ax; rotor magnets 476ax; may be segregated and isolated from direct contact with water; asdisclosed in FIG. 9E. Embedded; integrated into; encased in layer(s) ofcomposite materials comprising: plastics; ceramics; glass; carbonfibers; Kevlar; Dyneema; Teflon; etc. Generating mechanisms may beconfigured with standard rotor coil cum stator magnet (or vice-versa).Or, it may consist of counter-rotating “rotor-rotor” configurationcomprising: rotor coils cum rotor magnets. Direct conversion of kineticto mechanical to electrical energies occurs in the buoyant body 767;nacelles 611; 473 ax; of the tidal turbine 617 v; 471 vax. Electricitygenerated may be transmitted by means of variant undersea tether-cable457 vax to the surface based floating platform 741; 747. Buoyant tidalturbine 617 v; 471 vax may be configured to be: buoyancy neutral; or,with positive buoyancy; dependent upon inflation of air-filled 683buoyancy bodies 767; nacelle 611. Additional buoyancy may be enabled bymeans of inflatable body 202 vax; attached to body 767; or nacelle 611.Control surfaces comprising vertical fins 206 ax; horizontal fins 207ax; may be used for orientation and self-balancing. Vertically orientedstruts 691 connected the body 767; nacelle 611 via vertical fins 206 axto swivel mechanism 643; and variant tether cable 457 vax to surfaceplatform 741; and the bottom submersible vessel 230 vax.

FIG. 10D illustrates a variant floating tidal turbine 768 v of FIG. 6B;comprising of a dual-units (fore-aft) tidal turbines 768 v wherein,mechanical energies derived from said conversion of kinetic energy(tidal flow) by tidal turbines 768 v may be transmitted from saidapparatus by means of gearboxes 583 ax; vertical shafts 691 residing invertical fins 206 ax; swivel mechanism 643 or universal couplings 666;extended shaft 692; to the driven units 777; 54 ax; etc. One driven unit777 may be located on surface based floating platform 741; one drivenunit 777 located on the seabed 537 ax (refer FIG. 10F). Electricityproduced by the surface 741 and seabed 537 based generators may betransmitted by means of undersea cable 457 ax laid in cable trench 789;to shore facilities 622. Integration of vertical shafts 691 into thevertical control surfaces 206 ax enables creation of a large clearanceangle for tether-cables 457 vax; or extended shafts 692; to operablychange its angle of inclination; without interfering with turbine blades472 ax operability. Horizontal control surfaces 207 ax helps to keep thebody 767 in level position parallel to the tidal current flow.

FIG. 10E illustrates a variant floating tidal turbine 768 w of FIG. 6Band FIG. 10D; comprising of a single unit of tidal turbine 768 wwherein, said apparatus may be configured to generate torque; orelectricity. Configured with rotor coils 474 ax; rotor magnets 476 ax innacelle 473 ax; 611; of FIG. 10C; said apparatus 768 w may produceelectricity which may be transmitted safely by means of: an inclinedvariant tether-cable 457 vax; integrated into and passing through thevertical fins 206 ax; to surface sub-station 622. Configured with atorque transmission system 687; mechanical energies derived from saidconversion of kinetic energy (tidal flow) by apparatus 768 w may betransmitted by means of: gearboxes 583 ax; inclined extended shafts 692residing in, integrated into and passing through specially adaptedpassage 833 in the vertical fins 206 ax; universal couplings 666; to thedriven units 777. Such a configuration enables transmission of torque orelectricity produced by said turbine 768 w without interfering with theturning turbine blades 472 ax.

FIG. 10F illustrates the use of said floating tidal turbines 768 v; 768w and 471 vax (617 v). Variant sub-system 580 uax (refer FIG. 6Y; U.S.patent Ser. No. 10/113,534) illustrates a plurality of tidal turbine 471vax (617 v) anchored by means of variant tether-cable 457 vax. Top endof line 457 vax may be anchored to winched 49 ax line reel 52 ax drumson surface platform 741. The bottom end may be anchored to a UUV-230 ax;or a variant submersible vessel 230 vax; which may submerge or surfaceupon command by means of remote signals. Enabling precision controls inposition; location; depth; and deployment of multiple apparatus 580 uax;580 vax; 580 wax; etc. from surface vessel 741. Vessel 230 vax may alsobe controlled to adjust the angular inclination of line 457 vax; itsslackness; taunt-ness; stress or strain for operational purposes. Line457 vax may preferably comprise of double lines closed loopconfiguration (refer FIG. 6′O′ system 510u; U.S. patent Ser. No.10/113,534); for ease of periodic checking; maintenance and repairpurposes. Variant sub-system 580 vax illustrates a plurality of dualtidal turbines 768 v; or single tidal turbine 768 w; anchored by meansof extended shaft 692. Top end of extended shaft 692 may be anchored toa generator 777; 585 ax; 590 ax; 54 ax; on surface platform 741. Thebottom end may be anchored to a hermetically sealed generator 777mounted on concrete slab 653 on the seabed 537 ax. Mothership 741 may beconfigured with specialized structures 834 for housing said generators;winching equipment; control systems; etc. for handling said variety ofsubmerged tidal turbine arrays.

FIG. 10G illustrates a variant floating-submerged tidal turbinessub-system 580 wax wherein said multiple units of turbines comprising:apparatus 471 vax (617); 768 w; 500 vax; 500 aax; etc. may be strungtogether; connected by means of conductive-tether line 457 vax. Thebottom end of tether 457 vax may be anchored to a piled 562 ax concretebase 653 on the seabed 537 ax; the top end may be secured to asubmersible vessel 230 vax. Said submersible vessel 230 vax may beconfigured to submerge below surface level 621 when in operation. And tosurface whenever required for periodic maintenance checks and repair.Minimizing surface footprint of the entire apparatus 580 wax; posingzero interference to shipping. A small marker buoy 508 ax tethered onthe water surface 621 may be used to indicate the location of apparatus580 vax. Said array 580 wax may also be configured with buoyantturbines, or buoyancy neutral turbines: 768; 768 v; 768 w; 471 vax (617v); xxx; etc.

Submersible vessel 230 vax's buoyancy maybe controlled by means ofsystem 690 ax; sub-system 686 of FIG. 3K to FIG. 3L; enabling the entireapparatus 580 wax to surface; or to submerge upon remote command; bymeans of Unmanned Underwater System (UUS) of communication; tethered oruntethered. Sub-system 686 enables creation of variable buoyancy tocountenance, to neutralize the swift effects of tidal flow changes; toadjust variable angle of incline of the variant conductive-tether line457 vax for optimal system performance by means of AI commands; controlsurfaces 206 ax; 207 ax. Wherein said tether line 457 vax connected towinched 49 ax′ line reel 52 ax′ mounted on the body of submersiblevehicle 230 vax may be operably controlled enabling apparatus 230 vax tosurface or to submerge. Such maneuverability enables multiple arrays ofapparatus 580 wax to be deployed in proximity from a cluster ofanchoring points on concrete pads 653. Such that said multitude offloating-submerged arrays 580 wax may be arranged in a fore and aft;port and starboard position; or, at inclined angular positions;downstream (tidal flow) of concrete pads 653 on seabed 537 ax.

A single line 457 vax may be used where applicable. But a closed loop(twin) lines 457 vax is preferred (refer FIG. 6′O′ system 510u; U.S.patent Ser. No. 10/113,534); with the top lines 457 vax′ held in placeby a motorized 49 ax′ winching reel 52 ax′ affixed abroad submersiblevessel 230 vax. A closed loop, double lines system enables ease ofaccess of said floating tidal turbines for maintenance checks; repair;etc. bottom loop of line may be held in place by pulley 48 ax system.Lines carried by winch-reel 52 ax′ of UUV-230 vax; may be adjusted;slackened or tightened as required. Enabling said buoy 508 ax or ballastvessel 578 ax; including the floating tidal turbines 768 v; 768 w; 471vax; to be lifted abroad a customized vessel 730; specialized mothership 741; out-riggers 747; flat-bed pontoons 734; for checks and repair.Upon completion; released; re-submerged back into the sea again.

FIG. 10H illustrates a seabed 537 ax mounted bottom line reel 52 ax″;powered by a ram-water-turbine RWT-71 vax comprising: tidal turbine 472ax connected to gearbox 583 ax; winching mechanism 49 ax″. This tidalturbine driven line reel 52 ax″ provides an optional configurationwherein; said closed loop double lines system of FIG. 10G above may besuperceded by means of a single line connected to two (twin) line reels52 ax′; 52 ax″; system. Top end of line 457 vax′ may be connected to atop line reel 52 ax′ mounted on the body of submersible vehicle 230 vax.The bottom end of line 457 vax″ maybe anchored to a bottom line-reel 52ax″ affixed to the seabed 537 ax and concrete pad 653; driven by aRWT-71 vax; a variant apparatus similar in concept to a Ram-Air-Turbine(RAT) 71 ax. The RWT-71 vax transforms tidal flow into torque; which maybe transmitted by gearbox 583 ax; to operably drive a driven unitcomprising: winch 49 ax″; spool 52 ax″ bearing line 457 vax″.

FIG. 10I illustrates the side-sectional view of apparatus 835; a varianttidal turbine system 471 vax; 617 v. A seabed based variant of floatingsub-system 490 ax of FIG. 5C; device 835 may be affixed securely ontothe seabed 537 ax. Wherein said apparatus comprising of multiple turbineunits 472 ax; may be configured with counter rotating generationcapabilities of present specification; with the generation components474 ax; 476 ax; embedded in specialty moisture repellant materials;coated in water-proofed substances 806. Wherein, specific turbines 472ax may be configured with split functions to drive specific generationcomponents comprising: rotor magnets 474 ax; rotor coils 476 ax. Tidalturbine system 835 may comprise of a linear configuration wherein saidmultiple turbines may be arranged in series, one after another. In theillustrated diagram, five turbines may be lined up in series; wherein,in a variant split-unit functionality and power generation concept ofpresent invention; (for example: counting from left to right); turbinenumber one, three and five may be configured to drive individual rotormagnets 474 ax clockwise; independently of each other. While turbinenumber two and four may be combined and configured to drive the extendedrotor coil 476 ax (integrated with the central shaft 581 ax)anti-clockwise. Wherein, said turbines one, three, five rotates in anopposite direction to turbines two and four. More turbines may similarlybe configured in series; for example: 10 units; 15 units; etc. The powergeneration components may be supported by bearing boxes 586 ax; bearings597 ax packing assembly; etc. To offset the drop in tidal flow rate; aftturbine units may be configured with longer and larger turbine blades472 ax. Optionally, solid hoods or shrouds 615 may be used to diverttidal flow into said turbine blades. Said hoods may also be variablyconfigured to produce the desired tidal flow to individual turbines;such that said tidal turbines produces the required torque configurationas per design specification. Concrete base 653 may be erected securelyaffixed to seabed 537 ax using piles 562 ax; drill strings 655; drillcasings 651; (refer FIG. 3A to FIG. 3G). The metal base plate 836 ofturbine system 835 may be affixed by means of specially configured drillstrings 655 adapted for fitting with drill casings 651. And lockedsecurely in place. Removal may be effected by means of an extended drillstring 655 from surface ship 741 to drill casing 651. Unlocking the baseplate 836 from the drill casing 651; lifting the entire apparatus 835 tosurface for maintenance and repair. With drill string 655 acting as asuper large sized screw driver.

FIG. 10J illustrates an optional configuration wherein, said system 835of FIG. 10I may be configured with extended hoods 615; solid shrouds615; for improved efficiency and productivity. Said hoods 615 may beconfigured with variable size; length; and angular inclination forenhanced performance; they may be constructed of solid; semi-solid; orpliable plastics, fabric materials; etc. Shrouds may be configuredround; conical; square; rectangular in shape. And may be affixed into;or removed piece by piece; unit by unit from, the concrete base 653 andframe 836; forming a fluid diversion mechanism around said turbines 471vax; 617 v. At the same time solid shrouds 615 acts as machine guardingon said spinning turbine blades 472 ax, keeping out wildlife.

FIG. 11A illustrates a fully manual system of deployment wherein adriven unit 55 ax may be connected to a drive unit 51 ax; including aretract line reel R52 ax and winching motors R-49 ax. Two independentunits may be placed side by side (looking from left to right, marked:port side; starboard side). The port side unit is shown in power runphase. While the starboard side unit is shown in retraction phase; beingretrieved back to base; to the Start-Of-Run (SOR) point 16 ax. At theend of power generating run when tether line 50 ax had been depleted(designated run length used up); End-Of-Run (EOR) point 288 ax; thedrive unit 51 ax must be retracted back in proximity to the driven unit55 ax; by means of retract line 33 ax; retract line-reel R52 ax; andwinching motor R49 ax. One unit (port side) on active service; one unit(starboard side) being retracted; then placed on standby. The two drivecum driven units 51 ax; 55 ax; located port; starboard; each takingturns to generate renewable electricity. Efficiency-wise, this may beless than desirable. This deficiency may be overcome and optimized bymeans of a variant system of FIG. 11B.

FIG. 11B illustrates a semi-automated variant system of FIG. 11A;wherein, said driven unit 55 ax comprising of; a single generator 54 axmay be configured with twin sets of line reels 52 ax; clutch-gearbox 53ax; 587 ax; winching motors 49 ax. One set on each side: port (indicatedby letter “P”) and starboard (indicated by letter “S”) of generator 54ax connected to a common shaft 581 ax; linked to two individual dronecontrolled drive units 51 pax; 51 sax. One drive unit 51 pax on powerrun; one drive unit 51 sax being retracted; then put on standby. Driveunit 51 pax; 51 sax may be integrated with a variant (shortened) dronebody 199 vax; 201 vax; fitted with winch 59 ax for retracting a variantretract line 33 vax (refer: FIG. 11A to FIG. 11J; of parent U.S. Pat.No. 9,447,775); joined to tether line 50 ax at point 229 ax. At the endof the power generating run, the drive unit 51 ax must be depowered; andthen retracted back to base. Computerized control systems used forexecution of said power generation system; includes activation means fortriggering said start-of-run (SOR); end-of-run (EOR) depowering;retraction phases; in the drone units; etc. Replenishment of utilitiescomprising: batteries; compressed air; hydrogen, ethanol (used byfuel-cells); functional checks; etc. may be done during stand-by phase.Wire-line; wireless means of transmission for command and controlsignals may be employed between the command-control-center and drones.Such a configuration enables generator 54 ax to be operatedcontinuously; alternately powered by means of the port or starboard sidebased drone-controlled drive units 51 pax; 51 sax connected to: linereels 52 ax; clutch-gearbox 53 ax; 587 ax; and winching motors 49 ax.

FIG. 11C illustrates a variant structural configuration of FIG. 11Bwherein, a counter-rotational driven unit 55 ax may be configuredcomprising: one generator 585 ax; 590 ax; 777; four independent sets of:line reels 52 ax; clutch-gearbox 587 ax; winching motors 49 ax;connected by means of two split-unit shaft portions 581 pax; 581 sax;(refer system 590h, FIG. 7H; U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534). Saidline-reels 52 ax may selectively be engaged or disengaged by means ofclutch-gearbox 587 ax to shaft portions 581 pax; 581 sax. Two setsconfigured on each side: port (P′; P″) and starboard (S′; S″); connectedto four individual drive units 51 pax′; 51 pax″; 51 sax′; 51 sax″. Twodrive units (51 pax′; 51 sax′) on active service; with two drive unitsbeing retracted/and put on standby (51 pax″; 51 sax″); at any one time.The port side line-reels 52 pax′; 52 pax″; may be configured to drivethe rotor coils 474 ax; while starboard side line-reels 52 sax′; 52sax″; may be configured to drive the rotor magnets 476 ax; of thecounter-rotation generator.

Optionally, a single common shaft 581 ax may be used to link up all ofthe line-reels 52 ax together; operably connected by means ofclutch-gearboxes 587 ax. And by means of a planetary gear apparatus 830configured into the torque transmission system (shaft 581 ax); half ofthe original torque (example: clockwise rotation) derived from driveunits 51 pax′; 51 sax′ may be transformed into an opposite direction(example: anti-clockwise rotation) of movement. These two opposingtorque may be configured to power any one generating component: rotorcoil 474 ax; rotor magnet 476 ax; of counter-rotating generator 585 ax;590 ax; 777 v. The percentage of torque transformation from onedirection of rotation into another direction of rotation mayconfigurably be varied; such as proportionate: 50%: 50%;non-proportionate: 40%: 60%; or 30%: 70%; etc. by means of variations inthe size(s) of gears configured into apparatus 830. An optimalconversion amount may be derived by means of testing; and applied to thepower generation system.

FIG. 11D to FIG. 11G illustrates the integration of turbine generators835 of FIG. 10I and FIG. 10J; including apparatus 500 aax; 500 vax; 471ax; etc. with floating-submersible vessels which provide means of:protection; carriage and transportation; a structure for mountingshrouds; hoods; mechanical supporting systems; etc. Enabling saidturbines and turbine generators of present invention to be deployedfrom: the top to the bottom of the vertical water column. From arrays offloating turbines mounted beneath surface platforms such as: ships 741;outriggers 747; pontoons 840; ballast tanks 578 ax; buoys 508 ax (FIG.11D). To arrays of floating turbines suspended in the middle of thewater column (FIG. 11E). To seabed 537 ax mounted bottoms turbines 835;500 vax; (FIG. 11F to FIG. 11G). Counter-rotating turbine-generator 835;including unit 500 aax; 500 vax; 471 ax; etc. may also be configured inbetween the bodies of two floating pontoons 840; one on top 840 t, oneat the bottom 840 b. Said twin pontoons 840 t; 840 b; may be configuredwith dual capabilities: functioning both as a surface vessel; and as asubmersible vessel. Capable of operating as a submarine; stayingsubmerged and suspended in the middle of the vertical water column forprolonged periods of time. Apparatus 840 may be configured with buoyancycontrol sub-system 686; ballast tanks 578; compressed air cylinders 203ax; floatation chambers 837; compressors 838; etc. Connected by means ofstructural beams 839; carrying a turbine-generator 835 in its belly;said dual pontoons 840 may be configured to change its utility purposefrom: (a) a surface floating vessel 840 a of FIG. 11D; to (b) anunder-water vehicle 840 b submerged beneath the surface; suspended inthe middle of the water column like a submarine of FIG. 11E; to (c) asea bottom vessel 840 c anchored by means of legs 841 to mountingapparatus configured into the seabed 537 ax of FIG. 11F and FIG. 11G.Such optional means of utility enables the deployment ofturbine-generators from the top of the water column (water surface 621);to the middle of the water column; to the bottom of the seabed 537 ax.And whenever required, to surface for periodic maintenance checks;repairs; etc. One side of the pontoons may optionally be configured witha control room and bridge 842 for manned operation of machineries.Access to the bridge by personnel may be made by means of a personalsubmersible vehicle PSV-230 ax; via an air-lock tunnel configured intostructure 842. The entire apparatus maybe anchored to the seabed 537 axby means of lines 295 ax.

Turbine-generator 835; 500 vax; 500 aax; 471 ax; etc. may be configuredas a modular unit; the walls or doors 843 forming a six sided protectivestructural enclosure around apparatus 835. Which is concealed in betweenthe bodies of the top and bottom pontoon 840 t; 840 b; while the 4 sidessurrounding the turbine-generators comprising: fore and aft; port andstarboard sides may be configured with sliding doors 843 operated bymechanical means. Normally the doors remain closed and the shroudsretracted when not in use. But open during operation. Fore, port andstarboard doors may be configured and used as solid shrouds 615; pliablehoods 40 ax; enabling tidal flow to be collected and channeled into theturbine blades. The bodies of pontoon 840 may be used as supportingstructures for mounting equipment; deploying and retracting shrouds 615;fabric bags 30 ax; 40 ax.

FIG. 11D illustrates the side view of a surface based floating apparatus840 a; with a turbine-generator 835 inside its belly. A flexiblyextendable and retractable shroud 615 may be deployed to collect andchannel tidal flow to apparatus 835. Not shown are the slidingside-doors 843 which may be flipped outward, acting as shroudsentrapping; diverting tidal current flow to apparatus 835; (refer FIG.10J for an extended shroud 615). Apparatus 840 a may be anchored bymeans of securing lines 295 ax to the seabed 537 ax.

FIG. 11E illustrates the side view of a submerged variant of the surfacefloating apparatus 840 of FIG. 11D. A neutral buoyancy apparatus 840 bsuspended in the middle of the water column; beneath the surfaceapparatus 840 a of FIG. 11D; but above the sea bottom apparatus 840 caffixed by means of legs 841 to the seabed 537 ax of FIG. 11F and FIG.11G. As illustrated in FIG. 11E, the bodies of said top and bottompontoon 840 t; 840 b; may be flipped over from top to bottom; orvice-versa. In its belly may be configured a plurality of 3 units ofturbine-generators 500 aax; 500 vax; 471 ax. Which maybe flipped into alying down position when not in use. Or, flipped upward into a vertical,power generating position by means of pneumatic arms; or hydraulic arms807; 808. Fabric shroud 40 ax may be deployed or retracted by means ofsupporting apparatus anchored to the pontoon's body. Shroud 40 ax may besecured using bridle lines 21 ax.

FIG. 11F illustrates a perspective view of a sea bottom based apparatus840 c flexibly affixed to anchoring apparatus built into the seabed 537ax. Apparatus 840 c may be configured to anchor itself by means ofappendages 841 to seabed based anchoring apparatus; and to dislodge orrelease itself. It may be configured to vary its buoyancy to submerge;and to surface. Fore doors and sliding doors 843 at the port andstarboard side may be flipped open to channel tidal flow into theturbine blades of turbine generator 835. Or closed when not in activeservice. Fore doors may also be configured to be hydro-dynamic in shape;like the pointed bow doors of FIG. 11G. Which maybe swung open widely toaspirate tidal flow. FIG. 11G illustrates a plan view of a variantconfiguration of FIG. 11F; wherein, dual pontoons 840 p and 840 s may beconfigured side by side; located port and starboard. Just like anapparatus 840 a flipped onto its side. Fore and side doors located ontop may operably be opened or closed.

FIG. 11H and FIG. 11I illustrates the integration of turbine-generator500 eax with the body 201 ax of HUV-200 vax. FIG. 11H illustrates avariant windmill like counter-rotating turbine-generator 500 eax (referFIG. 5a to FIG. 5j; U.S. patent Ser. No. 10/113,534). Turbine generator500 eax exhibits; and combined both the shrouded (inner turbine blades492 ax surrounded by generating elements 493 ax; 494 ax); and the openflow concept (outer turbine blades 471 ax) of an energy conversionapparatus. Apparatus 500 eax may be used individually; independently byitself. Alone. Apparatus 500 eax may also be integrated into; to workwith other components and disclosures of present invention asillustrated in variant apparatus 800 k, directly mounted on the body 201ax of FIG. 11I. The inner ring of turbine blades 492 ax may beconfigured to drive the rotor-magnets ring 494 ax; while the outer ringof turbine blades (471 ax) may be configured to drive the rotor-coilring 493 ax. The open hole in the middle may be configured to drive agenerator mounted inside the body 201 ax of HUV-200 vax.

FIG. 11I illustrates a variant apparatus 800 k (refer: apparatus 800 f;800 j of FIG. 8P; FIG. 9D). Wherein the body 201 ax of a HUV-200 vaxapparatus maybe configured with a plurality of counter-rotatingturbine-generators 471 ax; 500 eax; directed affixed onto its body 201vax. Generating power by means of: rotor coils 474 ax and rotor magnets476 ax; directly mounted inside its body 201 vax. Turbine-generator 471ax may be configured to drive the rotor coil 474 ax; while the innerblades ring 492 ax of the twin turbine units 500 eax may be configuredto drive the rotor magnets 476 ax. Or, vice-versa. Floating submarinebody 201 vax may be anchored to the seabed 537 ax by means of securinglines 295 ax. At the same time, the outer ring of multiple turbineblades 471 ax may be configured to drive the rotor magnet ring 494 axclockwise. While the inner ring of multiple turbine blades 492 ax may beconfigured to move and drive the rotor coil ring 493 ax anti-clockwise.Or, vice-versa. The generating elements may be supported by bearingboxes 586 ax; packing assembly; etc.

Mission—Vision Statement: To reduce; eliminate Global Warming; to saveour spaceship—Planet Earth from the dangerous effects of Global ClimateChange! The use of drones to serve humanity! To produce clean energy; topreserve clean air and clean water for all of us! We must alwaysremember this; that we only have:

One race—Humanity! One planet—Earth! One common Destiny!

We must all work hard to preserve; not destroy, our one and only “livesupport system”—Earth's biosphere! For in the fate of mother Earth; andin our own hands, lies our common destiny—for all things living on thisplanet; and future generations of—plants; animals; humans. It is ourcommon duty and responsibility to do our part: innovators,entrepreneurs, financers, governments and NGOs, etc. To Save The World,Our World! “Look high, look far. Our aim the sky, our goal the stars!”To an inventor the sky's the limit.

To Quote: “I don't believe in climate change. Belief doesn't come intoit; scientific verification does. Gravity doesn't care whether youbelieve in it or not. But if you step off a cliff, you're going to godown.”—Dr Katherine Hayhoe, (Climate Scientist, Texas Tech University,USA)

Finally, it is to be understood that various alterations, modificationsand/or additions may be introduced into the constructions andarrangements of parts previously described without departing from thespirit or ambit of the invention.

1. An airborne wind turbine system comprising of a drone-generatorapparatus 800 b for generation of renewable energy; wherein, a windturbine 500 vax is integrated with a drone unit; enabling said apparatusto attain height to harness high altitude wind energies; said systemincluding; a counter-rotating wind turbine 500 vax; mounted in themiddle of the body of; a self-propelled drone vehicle; comprising: body77 ax; wings and control surfaces 69 ax; a plurality of propulsionsystem 70 ax; said apparatus 800 b is tethered by means of: a conductivetether line 50 vax; bridle lines 21 ax connected to multiple points onthe body 77 ax and wings 69 ax; wherein, by means of varying the lengthof the bridle lines 21 ax; apparatus 800 b can adjust its body positionrelative to the wind direction; maintaining a stable position at aninclined angle for generator 500 vax to work; wherein, said tether canalso supply power to operate the propulsion systems of said drone 800 b;and power generated by apparatus 500 vax is transmitted by means ofconductive tether 50 vax back to the ground; or surface basedsub-station and transformer 622.